Chemistry Terms

Question 1

Acid

Answer 1

Compounds that release hydrogen ions

Question 2

Phosphorus

Answer 2

Important part of nucleic acids and ATP. Needed for bone structure

Question 3

Phosphorus

Answer 3

Important part of nucleic acids and ATP. Needed for bone structure

Question 4

DNA

Answer 4

Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Type of nucleic acids

Question 5

Nucleic Acid

Answer 5

Large molecules with phosphorus, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen atoms.

Question 6

H20

Answer 6

Compound of one hydrogen combine with 2 oxygen. Important for all cell functions like transport, chemical exchanges, and heat regulation.

Question 7

nucleic acid

Answer 7

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.

Question 8

Mg

Answer 8

Magnesium

Question 9

water

Answer 9

a transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid with the chemical formula H2O

Question 10

RNA

Answer 10

Ribonucleic acid: a single-stranded nucleic acid that carries genetic information in cells

Question 11

molecule

Answer 11

a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.

Question 12

N

Answer 12

Nitrogen

Question 13

S

Answer 13

Sulfer

Question 14

Hydrophilic

Answer 14

Water loving

Question 15

Carbohydrate

Answer 15

An organic compound composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms joined with long or short chains of carbon atoms

Question 16

Organic compounds

Answer 16

Are those that always contain carbon molecules. Generally contain hydrogen as well.

Question 17

Protein

Answer 17

Compounds made from large and complex chains of amino acids, they serve as structrual building blocks for all cells and tissues.

Question 18

Anion

Answer 18

A negatively charged ion, formed when an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons.

Question 19

Alkaline

Answer 19

Referring to a solution with a pH greater than 7, indicating a basic substance.

Question 20

Lipid

Answer 20

A group of organic compounds, including fats, oils, and phospholipids, that are hydrophobic and play roles in energy storage and cell structure.

Question 21

Base (pH)

Answer 21

Componds that release hydroxide ion (OH-) in water, with a pH greater than 7

Question 22

Hydrophobic

Answer 22

Describes molecules or substances that repel water or do not mix with it (“water-fearing”).

Question 23

Multipotent

Answer 23

Describes cells that can differentiate into multiple, but limited, types of cells related to a specific tissue or organ.

Question 24

Effector Protein

Answer 24

A protein that acts to bring about a specific cellular response to a stimulus, often as part of a signaling pathway.

Question 25

Filtration

Answer 25

The process of separating solids from liquids or gases by passing the mixture through a filter.

Question 26

Nucleus

Answer 26

The membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material (DNA).

Question 27

ATP: Adenosine triphosphate

Answer 27

a molecule that stores and transfers energy in cells for metabolic processes.

Question 27

pH scale

Answer 27

Measures how acidic or basic a substance is

Question 27

C

Answer 27

Carbon

Question 27

Ion

Answer 27

Charged particle of matter

Question 28

K

Answer 28

Potassium

Question 29

Na

Answer 29

Sodium

Question 30

Cation

Answer 30

A positively charged ion

Question 31

Amino acid

Answer 31

Molecules that combine to form proteins

Question 32

Cl

Answer 32

Chlorine

Question 33

Element

Answer 33

A substance composed of one type of atom

Question 34

Fe

Answer 34

Iron

Question 35

Compounds

Answer 35

Substance consisting of atoms or ions of different elements bound together

Question 36

Ca

Answer 36

Calcium

Question 37

atom

Answer 37

smallest particle (unit) of an element that has all the properties of the element; composed of electrons, neutrons, and protons; component of molecules.

Question 38

pH 7.35-7.45

Answer 38

Slightly alkaline pH range (the only place where normal chemical activities of cells and tissues can occur). Homeostatic range.