Cell Terms

Question 1

Microvilli

Answer 1

Hair like projection that increases absorption and surface area of the membrane.

Question 2

Cilia

Answer 2

Plasma membrane extension that moves substances from one area to the next

Question 3

Cell membrane

Answer 3

Outer covering of a cell also called plasma membrane

Question 4

Cell membrane

Answer 4

Outer covering of a cell also called plasma membrane

Question 5

Histology

Answer 5

Study of tissue

Question 6

Histology

Answer 6

Study of tissue

Question 7

Enzyme

Answer 7

Type of protein that breaks down abs synthesizes molecules

Question 8

Nucleous

Answer 8

Primary site for partial ribosome assembly

Question 9

Golgi apparatus

Answer 9

Modifies and packages protiens for leaving the cell

Question 10

cytokinesis

Answer 10

separation of the cytoplasm during cell division

Question 11

receptor protein

Answer 11

binds to a ligand molecule and initiates a cellular response

Question 12

mesoderm

Answer 12

the middle of the three primary germ layers of an embryo; the source of many bodily tissues and structures

Question 13

selectively permeable

Answer 13

the membrane can control which substances can pass through it

Question 14

channel protein

Answer 14

allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane

Question 15

plasma membrane

Answer 15

Selectively permeable boundary surrounding all cells
(Also known as the cell membrane)

Question 16

cytosol

Answer 16

fluid component of cytoplasm

Question 17

protein synthesis

Answer 17

the process by which cells create proteins

Question 18

gene

Answer 18

coded segments of DNA that determine traits inherited from parents and carry instructions for producing all the proteins needed to sustain life.

Question 19

transport protein

Answer 19

proteins that move nutrients and wastes across the membrane.

Question 20

glycolipid

Answer 20

lipids with attached carbohydrates

Question 21

catabolism

Answer 21

any chemical process the body uses to break down nutrients or molecules.

Question 22

diffusion

Answer 22

a passive transport mechanism where molecules move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

Question 23

meiosis

Answer 23

a form of cell division and duplication that is unique to reproductive (gamete) cells
(such as sperm and ova)

Question 24

Centrosome

Answer 24

An import role in cell division and in producing and organizing the cytoskeleton

Question 25

Lysosome

Answer 25

Destroy foreign substances that enter the cell and digest worn-out and used-up cell structures

Question 26

Metabolism

Answer 26

The chemical processes that happen in the body to sustain life

Question 27

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 27

A pathway for substances to move throughout the cell

Question 28

Mitochondria

Answer 28

Produces the energy for all cellular work

Question 29

Endoderm

Answer 29

A layer of the embryonic stem cell that develops into the internal organs

Question 30

Cytoskeleton

Answer 30

Provides shape, strength, and mobility to cells

Question 31

Anabolism

Answer 31

Occurs when the body uses molecules as building blocks to repair and build new tissue, or to store nutrients for use at a later time.

Question 32

Glycogen

Answer 32

A simple sugar the body creates when it has more glucose than it can immediately use, it bonds and chemically alters the extra molecule to form it. It is then stored in the skeletal muscles and liver.

Question 33

Pluripotent

Answer 33

These stem cells are able to produce themselves or differentiate into any type of body tissue

Question 34

Stem cells

Answer 34

A unique type of cell that not only reproduces but also produces different types of cells

Question 35

Cytology

Answer 35

The study of cells

Question 36

Active transport

Answer 36

Mechanisms require the cell to use energy to move substances across the plasma membrane

Question 37

Matrix

Answer 37

How LMT’s often refer to connective tissue fibers and ground substance as one element: the connective tissue matrix