Chemistry Review Flashcards

1
Q

a mixture

A

mieszanina

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2
Q

What’s the difference between compound and molecule ?

A

A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements. All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.

Molecular hydrogen (H2), molecular oxygen (O2) and molecular nitrogen (N2) are not compounds because each is composed of a single element.

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3
Q

to combust

A

spalać

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4
Q

a subshell

A

podpowłoka

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5
Q

a full electron shell

A

zapełniona powłoka elektronowa

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6
Q

an outer shell

A

zewnętrzna powłoka

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7
Q

a group

A

a vertical column

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8
Q

a period

A

opposite: a row

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9
Q

a principal quantum number

A

główna liczba kwantowa

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10
Q

valency

A

wartościowość

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11
Q

alkaline

A

zasadowy

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12
Q

inert

A

bezczynny, niereagujący

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13
Q

an octet

A

oktet

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14
Q

a reducing agent

A

utleniacz

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15
Q

an oxidizing agent

A

reduktor

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16
Q

a halide

A

halogenek

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17
Q

crystalline

A

krystaliczny

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18
Q

discrete

A

odrębny

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19
Q

a lattice structure

A

sieć krystaliczna

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20
Q

a solid

A

ciało stałe

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21
Q

molten

A

stopiony

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22
Q

dissolved

A

rozpuszczony

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23
Q

an iodide

A

jodek

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24
Q

a fluoride

A

fluorek

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25
covalent
kowalencyjny
26
diatomic
dwuatomowy
27
triatomic
trójatomowy
28
molecular covalency
the number of shared electron pairs
29
thermal
cieplny
30
alloyed
stopiony
31
brass
mosiądz
32
copper
miedź
33
tin
cyna
34
aqueous
wodny
35
a molecular mass
masa cząsteczkowa
36
to balance chemical equations
bilansować reakcje chemiczne
37
neatralization
zobojętnienie
38
an acid
kwas
39
a base
zasada
40
soluble
rozpuszczalny
41
an oxide
tlenek
42
a hydrogen
wodór
43
alkali
soluble bases | bases may be soluble or insoluble
44
an ammonia
amoniak
45
a carbonate
węglan
46
a hydrogen carbonate
wodorowęglan
47
a hydroxide
wodorotlenek
48
an oxidation
utlenianie
49
a reduction
redukcja
50
OILRIG
oxidation is loss; reduction is gain
51
displacement
wypieranie
52
a combustion reaction
reakcja spalania
53
composition
łączenie
54
decomposition
rozkład
55
dissociation
dysocjacja
56
substitution
reakcja wymiany
57
hydrolysis
hydroliza
58
condensation
kondensacja | = remove water molecule
59
a concentration
stężenie
60
a solute
substancja rozpuszczona
61
a solution
roztwór
62
a solvent
rozpuszczalnik
63
saline
solny
64
a volume
objętość
65
a density
gęstość
66
a strong alkali
mocna zasada
67
a soft metal
metal lekki
68
pH
potential of hydrogen
69
an equilibrium constant
stała równowagi
70
a reaction rate
szybkość reakcji
71
first-order reaction | second-order reaction
reakcja pierwszo-.. drugorzędowa
72
a catalyst
katalizator
73
exothermic
egzotermiczny
74
a bond making
tworzenie wiązań
75
the equilibrium will shift
równowaga się przesunie
76
to oppose the charge
(tu:) wyrównać ładunek
77
to absorb excess heat
pochłonąć nadmiar ciepła
78
a pressure
ciśnienie
79
a change of state
zmiana stanu skupienia
80
a yield
plon, uzysk
81
to compress
sprężyć
82
a linear function
funkcja liniowa
83
to diffuse
rozprzestrzeniać się, rozpraszać się
84
rigid
sztywny
85
a melting point
temperatura topnienia
86
a freezing point
temperatura zamarzania
87
vaporization
parowanie | = liquid to gas; heat absorbed
88
vapor
para wodna
89
condensation
skraplanie | = gas to liquid; heat released
90
deposition
resublimacja | = gas to solid
91
a boiling point
temperatura wrzenia
92
triple point
trójstyk | = all three states in equilibrium
93
an impurity
zanieczyszczenie
94
grit
piach, żwir, brud
95
a conductor
przewodnik
96
an insulator
izolator
97
a semi-conductor
półprzewodnik
98
an electrolyte
elektrolit
99
an electrode
elektroda
100
an electrolysis
elektroliza
101
an electrical current
prąd elektryczny
102
cryolite
kriolit
103
liberated
uwolniony, wyzwolony (np. tlen w reakcji)
104
to displace
wypierać
105
dilute
rozcieńczony
106
a volume ratio
stosunek objętościowy
107
a fullerene
fuleren
108
a plane
ściana, płaszczyzna
109
hollow
pusty
110
a cluster
upakowanie, gromada
111
saturated
nasycony
112
fractional
ułamkowy, częściowy
113
evaporation
parowanie
114
a constituent
składnik
115
flammable
łatwopalny
116
crude oil
ropa naftowa
117
volatile
lotny
118
viscous
kleisty
119
fuel oil
olej opałowy
120
bitumen
bitum
121
unsaturated
nienasycony
122
a hydrocarbon
węglowodór
123
polymerization
polimeryzacja
124
a skeleton equation
a way of using the formulas to indicate the chemicals that were involved in the chemical reaction Mg + O2 --> MgO This skeleton equation shows that magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
125
electrovalent
resulting from electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions; ionic
126
a by-product
produkt uboczny
127
sediment
osad
128
an ammonium
amon
129
a blast furnance
piec hutniczy
130
ore
ruda | = rock or soil from which metal can be obtained
131
a nozzle
wylot, dysza = a narrow piece attached to the end of a tube so that the liquid or air that comes out can be directed in a particular way