Chemistry of Biology Flashcards
Hydrogen Bonds
A weak chemical bond that temporarily holds separate molecules together. Used with DNA
Endothermic reactions
They require energy to happen.
Exothermic reactions
Reactions that release energy
All carbohydrates are made of what kind of sugar?
Monosaccharide.
“Poly” means what?
Many.
What is “Glycogen?”
It is a Polysaccharide composed of many bonded glucose units. (found in muscle and liver tissue.)
What is “Lipids?”
It is a organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Proteins are also known as…
Polypeptides.
What are “Enzymes?”
They are Special proteins that act as catalysts for reactions.
Nitrogen bases in DNA include…?
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine. (A, C, G, and T.)
“C” stands for:
Cytosine
“A” stands for:
Adenine
“G” stands for:
Guanine
“T” stands for:
Thymine
DNA from as ___ structure?
It forms a Double-Helic structure
In RNA, thymine is replaced by the…?
“U” Uracil.
What does “Diffusion” mean?
The random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What does “Semipermeable membrane” mean?
A membrane that allows some molecules to pass through but does not allow other molecules to pass through.
What does “Osmosis” mean?
The tendency of a solvent to travel across semipermeable membrane into areas of higher solute concentration.
What does “Biosynthesis” mean?
The process by which living organisms produce larger molecules from smaller ones.
What is a “Isomers?”
Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula.
What is a “Hydrolysis?”
Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water.
What is a “Peptide Bond?”
A bond that links amino acids together in a protein.
