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chemistry - matter Flashcards

1
Q

what is an element

A

Element – Substance made of one type of atom, elements are listed on the periodic table

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2
Q

what is a compound

A

Compound – Substance made of more than one type of atom chemically joined together.

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3
Q

what is a chemical symbol

A

Chemical Symbol – The 1 or 2 letter symbol used for each element. The first letter is always upper case. The second letter, if there is one, is lower case. (e.g. H, Na, C, Mg, O, Cl)

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4
Q

what is a chemical formula

A

Chemical Formulae – The chemical symbols and numbers representing the atoms that make up a substance and how many of each. (e.g. CO2, H2O, MgO, O2, H2, Mg)

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5
Q

what is an element

A

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.

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6
Q

come up with examples of elements

A

Some examples are
gold, silver, oxygen, chlorine and helium.

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7
Q

how many elements are naturally occuring

A

There 92 naturally occurring elements on earth and
scientists have made a few more.

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8
Q

what lists the elements

A

The Periodic Table lists the elements.

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9
Q

how are elements grouped

A

The elements with similar
properties are grouped together.

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10
Q

how do you identify an element

A

Every element has its own chemical symbol.

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11
Q

how do you write a chemical symbol

A

The first letter is
always a capital letter. If there is a second letter in the symbol, then it will be lower case e.g. C, O, Li and He

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12
Q

what is a vertical column called

A

A vertical column is called a group.

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13
Q

Acid

A

A solution with a pH value less than 7.

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14
Q

Alkali

A

A soluble base. A solution with a pH value greater than 7.

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15
Q

Alkali
Metals

A

Name for Group 1 of the periodic table. Highly reactive metals.

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16
Q

Base

A

A substance that neutralises an acid

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17
Q

Chemical
Property

A

How a substance behaves in its chemical reactions.

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18
Q

Density

A

How much mass there is per volume.
Density=Mass ÷ Volume

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19
Q

Displacement Reaction

A

In a displacement reaction a more reactive element displaces (or pushes out) a less reactive element from a compound.

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20
Q

Group

A

Column on the periodic table. Elements in same group have similar chemical properties.

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21
Q

Halogens

A

Name for Group 7 of the periodic table. Highly reactive non metals.

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22
Q

Metal

A

Elements on the left of the stepped-line of the periodic table. They are good conductors.

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23
Q

Metalloid

A

Elements near the stepped line of the periodic table. They show some properties of metals and some of non-metals.

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24
Q

Noble Gases

A

Name for Group 0 of the periodic table. Very unreactive gases.

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25
Q

Non-Metal

A

Elements on the right of the stepped-line of the periodic table. They are poor conductors.

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26
Q

Period

A

A row on the periodic table.

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27
Q

Physical
Property

A

A property of a material you can observe or measure. e.g. appearance, melting point, or conductivity.

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28
Q

Reactive

A

Something is reactive if it easily takes part in reactions without adding lots of energy.

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29
Q

Trend

A

A pattern in measurements or observations that changes gradually.

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30
Q

what is a horizontal row

A

a horizontal row is called a period.

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31
Q

how can you tell how many electrons an element has

A

Every element has its own atomic number relating to that.

32
Q

Element – Substance made of one type of atom, elements are listed on the periodic table

A

what is an element

33
Q

Compound – Substance made of more than one type of atom chemically joined together.

A

what is a compound

34
Q

Chemical Symbol – The 1 or 2 letter symbol used for each element. The first letter is always upper case. The second letter, if there is one, is lower case. (e.g. H, Na, C, Mg, O, Cl)

A

what is a chemical symbol

35
Q

Chemical Formulae – The chemical symbols and numbers representing the atoms that make up a substance and how many of each. (e.g. CO2, H2O, MgO, O2, H2, Mg)

A

what is a chemical formula

36
Q

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.

A

what is an element

37
Q

Some examples are
gold, silver, oxygen, chlorine and helium.

A

come up with examples of elements

38
Q

There 92 naturally occurring elements on earth and
scientists have made a few more.

A

how many elements are naturally occuring

39
Q

The Periodic Table lists the elements.

A

what lists the elements

40
Q

The elements with similar
properties are grouped together.

A

how are elements grouped

41
Q

Every element has its own chemical symbol.

A

how do you identify an element

42
Q

The first letter is
always a capital letter. If there is a second letter in the symbol, then it will be lower case e.g. C, O, Li and He

A

how do you write the symbol

43
Q

A vertical column is called a group.

A

what is a vertical column called

44
Q

A solution with a pH value less than 7.

45
Q

A soluble base. A solution with a pH value greater than 7.

46
Q

Name for Group 1 of the periodic table. Highly reactive metals.

A

Alkali
Metals

47
Q

A substance that neutralises an acid

48
Q

How a substance behaves in its chemical reactions.

A

Chemical
Property

49
Q

How much mass there is per volume.
Density=Mass ÷ Volume

50
Q

In a displacement reaction a more reactive element displaces (or pushes out) a less reactive element from a compound.

A

Displacement Reaction

51
Q

Column on the periodic table. Elements in same group have similar chemical properties.

52
Q

Name for Group 7 of the periodic table. Highly reactive non metals.

53
Q

Elements on the left of the stepped-line of the periodic table. They are good conductors.

54
Q

Elements near the stepped line of the periodic table. They show some properties of metals and some of non-metals.

55
Q

Name for Group 0 of the periodic table. Very unreactive gases.

A

Noble Gases

56
Q

Elements on the right of the stepped-line of the periodic table. They are poor conductors.

57
Q

A row on the periodic table.

58
Q

A property of a material you can observe or measure. e.g. appearance, melting point, or conductivity.

A

Physical
Property

59
Q

Something is reactive if it easily takes part in reactions without adding lots of energy.

60
Q

A pattern in measurements or observations that changes gradually.

61
Q

a horizontal row is called a period.

A

what is a horizontal row

62
Q

Every element has its own atomic number relating to that.

A

how can you tell how many electrons an element has

63
Q

periodic table

A

A table of all the elements in which elements with similar properties are grouped together

64
Q

Chemical symbol

A

A one or two-letter code for an element that is used by scientists in all countries.

65
Q

Atom

A

The smallest part of an element that can exist.

66
Q

Compound

A

A substance made up of atoms of two or more elements, strongly joined together.

67
Q

Molecule

A

A group of two or more atoms, strongly joined together.

68
Q

Chemical formula

A

A formula that shows the relative number of atoms of each element in a compound.

69
Q

Ionic bond

A

Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

70
Q

Covalent bond

A

Shared pair of electrons between two non-metals.

71
Q

Metallic bond

A

A lattice of metal atoms with a sea of delocalised electrons.

72
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons (and electrons) an atom contains

73
Q

Mass number

A

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

74
Q

Proton

A

A positively charged sub-atomic particle in the nucleus.

75
Q

Electron

A

A negatively charged sub-atomic particle in the shells surrounding the nucleus.

76
Q

Neutron

A

A neutral sub-atomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

77
Q

Element

A

A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.

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