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chemistry - matter Flashcards

1
Q

what is an element

A

Element – Substance made of one type of atom, elements are listed on the periodic table

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2
Q

what is a compound

A

Compound – Substance made of more than one type of atom chemically joined together.

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3
Q

what is a chemical symbol

A

Chemical Symbol – The 1 or 2 letter symbol used for each element. The first letter is always upper case. The second letter, if there is one, is lower case. (e.g. H, Na, C, Mg, O, Cl)

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4
Q

what is a chemical formula

A

Chemical Formulae – The chemical symbols and numbers representing the atoms that make up a substance and how many of each. (e.g. CO2, H2O, MgO, O2, H2, Mg)

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5
Q

what is an element

A

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.

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6
Q

come up with examples of elements

A

Some examples are
gold, silver, oxygen, chlorine and helium.

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7
Q

how many elements are naturally occuring

A

There 92 naturally occurring elements on earth and
scientists have made a few more.

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8
Q

what lists the elements

A

The Periodic Table lists the elements.

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9
Q

how are elements grouped

A

The elements with similar
properties are grouped together.

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10
Q

how do you identify an element

A

Every element has its own chemical symbol.

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11
Q

how do you write a chemical symbol

A

The first letter is
always a capital letter. If there is a second letter in the symbol, then it will be lower case e.g. C, O, Li and He

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12
Q

what is a vertical column called

A

A vertical column is called a group.

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13
Q

Acid

A

A solution with a pH value less than 7.

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14
Q

Alkali

A

A soluble base. A solution with a pH value greater than 7.

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15
Q

Alkali
Metals

A

Name for Group 1 of the periodic table. Highly reactive metals.

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16
Q

Base

A

A substance that neutralises an acid

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17
Q

Chemical
Property

A

How a substance behaves in its chemical reactions.

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18
Q

Density

A

How much mass there is per volume.
Density=Mass ÷ Volume

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19
Q

Displacement Reaction

A

In a displacement reaction a more reactive element displaces (or pushes out) a less reactive element from a compound.

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20
Q

Group

A

Column on the periodic table. Elements in same group have similar chemical properties.

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21
Q

Halogens

A

Name for Group 7 of the periodic table. Highly reactive non metals.

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22
Q

Metal

A

Elements on the left of the stepped-line of the periodic table. They are good conductors.

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23
Q

Metalloid

A

Elements near the stepped line of the periodic table. They show some properties of metals and some of non-metals.

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24
Q

Noble Gases

A

Name for Group 0 of the periodic table. Very unreactive gases.

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25
Non-Metal
Elements on the right of the stepped-line of the periodic table. They are poor conductors.
26
Period
A row on the periodic table.
27
Physical Property
A property of a material you can observe or measure. e.g. appearance, melting point, or conductivity.
28
Reactive
Something is reactive if it easily takes part in reactions without adding lots of energy.
29
Trend
A pattern in measurements or observations that changes gradually.
30
what is a horizontal row
a horizontal row is called a period.
31
how can you tell how many electrons an element has
Every element has its own atomic number relating to that.
32
Element – Substance made of one type of atom, elements are listed on the periodic table
what is an element
33
Compound – Substance made of more than one type of atom chemically joined together.
what is a compound
34
Chemical Symbol – The 1 or 2 letter symbol used for each element. The first letter is always upper case. The second letter, if there is one, is lower case. (e.g. H, Na, C, Mg, O, Cl)
what is a chemical symbol
35
Chemical Formulae – The chemical symbols and numbers representing the atoms that make up a substance and how many of each. (e.g. CO2, H2O, MgO, O2, H2, Mg)
what is a chemical formula
36
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.
what is an element
37
Some examples are gold, silver, oxygen, chlorine and helium.
come up with examples of elements
38
There 92 naturally occurring elements on earth and scientists have made a few more.
how many elements are naturally occuring
39
The Periodic Table lists the elements.
what lists the elements
40
The elements with similar properties are grouped together.
how are elements grouped
41
Every element has its own chemical symbol.
how do you identify an element
42
The first letter is always a capital letter. If there is a second letter in the symbol, then it will be lower case e.g. C, O, Li and He
how do you write the symbol
43
A vertical column is called a group.
what is a vertical column called
44
A solution with a pH value less than 7.
Acid
45
A soluble base. A solution with a pH value greater than 7.
Alkali
46
Name for Group 1 of the periodic table. Highly reactive metals.
Alkali Metals
47
A substance that neutralises an acid
Base
48
How a substance behaves in its chemical reactions.
Chemical Property
49
How much mass there is per volume. Density=Mass ÷ Volume
Density
50
In a displacement reaction a more reactive element displaces (or pushes out) a less reactive element from a compound.
Displacement Reaction
51
Column on the periodic table. Elements in same group have similar chemical properties.
Group
52
Name for Group 7 of the periodic table. Highly reactive non metals.
Halogens
53
Elements on the left of the stepped-line of the periodic table. They are good conductors.
Metal
54
Elements near the stepped line of the periodic table. They show some properties of metals and some of non-metals.
Metalloid
55
Name for Group 0 of the periodic table. Very unreactive gases.
Noble Gases
56
Elements on the right of the stepped-line of the periodic table. They are poor conductors.
Non-Metal
57
A row on the periodic table.
Period
58
A property of a material you can observe or measure. e.g. appearance, melting point, or conductivity.
Physical Property
59
Something is reactive if it easily takes part in reactions without adding lots of energy.
Reactive
60
A pattern in measurements or observations that changes gradually.
Trend
61
a horizontal row is called a period.
what is a horizontal row
62
Every element has its own atomic number relating to that.
how can you tell how many electrons an element has
63
periodic table
A table of all the elements in which elements with similar properties are grouped together
64
Chemical symbol
A one or two-letter code for an element that is used by scientists in all countries.
65
Atom
The smallest part of an element that can exist.
66
Compound
A substance made up of atoms of two or more elements, strongly joined together.
67
Molecule
A group of two or more atoms, strongly joined together.
68
Chemical formula
A formula that shows the relative number of atoms of each element in a compound.
69
Ionic bond
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
70
Covalent bond
Shared pair of electrons between two non-metals.
71
Metallic bond
A lattice of metal atoms with a sea of delocalised electrons.
72
Atomic number
The number of protons (and electrons) an atom contains
73
Mass number
The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
74
Proton
A positively charged sub-atomic particle in the nucleus.
75
Electron
A negatively charged sub-atomic particle in the shells surrounding the nucleus.
76
Neutron
A neutral sub-atomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom.
77
Element
A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.

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