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chemistry > Chemistry mass practice questions > Flashcards

Chemistry mass practice questions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is considered the universal solvent?

A

water

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2
Q

What are the letter shells corresponding to 1,2,3,4 energy levels? How many electrons can they hold?

A
  • K-2
  • L-8
  • M-18
  • N-32
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3
Q

What type of cmpd has an oxygen mlc linking 2 hydrocarbons

A

ether

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4
Q

Aldehydes and ketones contain what type of functional group?

A

carbonyl (C=O)

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5
Q

Alcohol contains what type of functional group?

A

hydroxyl (-OH)

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6
Q

What compound has a nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons that is bound to one or more hydrocarbons

A

amines

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7
Q

What are 3 other extensive properties I didn’t learn from notes?

A
  • entropy
  • number of moles
  • electrical charge
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8
Q

What is 1 other intensive property i didn’t learn about in my notes?

A

temperature

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9
Q

An object that changes color in the prescence of hydrogen or hydronium ions is said to be what?

A

halochromic

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10
Q

What type of materials change in color in the presence of pressure?

A

piezochromic

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11
Q

bioluminescence is a form of what?

A

chemiluminescence

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12
Q

What type of compounds are salts? What are the examples i learned about for ____ rxns?

A
  • ionic cmpds
  • neutralization rxns

Examples
* NaHSO4 - sodium bisulfate
* K2Cr2O7- potassium dichromate
* CaCl2- calcium chloride
* NaNO3/ KNO3 - in fertilizer
* MgSO4- epsom salt

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13
Q

What type of structure does a solid form?

A

lattice structure

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14
Q

Which of the following best describe oxygen with 8 protons, 10 electrons and 8 neutrons?
* oxygen isotope with a atomic mass of 2
* oxygen as an isotope with an atomic mass of 16
* oxygen as an anion with a -2 charge
* oxygen as a cation with a -2 charge

A

C
* charge = protons + electrons
* mass= protons + neutrons

isotope has DIFF NUMBER OF NEUTRONS, and so mass number

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15
Q

As you go from pH 7 to pH 1, what is happening to the strength of the ___?

A
  • acid
  • increasing
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16
Q

As you go from pH 7 to pH 14, what is happening to the strength of the ___?

A
  • base
  • increasing
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17
Q

What number on the pH scale is HCl?

A

1

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18
Q

What are additional examples of homogenous mixtures besides salt water and sln?

A

milk, air, blood, black coffee

19
Q

What are additional examples of heterogenous mixtures besides oil and water?

A

pizza and tea with boba

20
Q

He has a higher IE than fluorine. T or F

A

true based on periodic table trend of IE

21
Q

What is the MOST EN atom?

A

FLOURINE

22
Q

A synthesis / combination reaction ALWAYS has how many products?

A

ONE

23
Q

Metals tend to ___ electrons because _____

A
  • lose
  • they have fewer electrons in their outer/ valence shell to begin with
24
Q

Non-metals tend to ___ electrons because _____

A
  • gain
  • they have more electrons in their outer/ valence shell to begin with so easier to gain than lose electrons to get full valence shell of 8 to meet octet rule to be like the nearest noble gas
25
Q

What type of bond is CCl4 with C EN being 3.0 and Cl being 2.5

A

3.0-2.5 = 0.5 so is a POLAR COVALENT BOND.

26
Q

What is the average number of neutrons in a Bromine atom?

A

44.9
* neutrons = mass # (tho NOT rounding the atomic mass) - # of protons
* 79.9- 35 = 49.9

27
Q

What is the number of neutrons in a Bromine atom?

A
  • neutrons = mass # - # of protons
  • 80-35=40
28
Q

What is the SI unit of mass?

A

kg

29
Q

Matter exists in how many states?

A

4
* S, L, G, and plasma (least common)

30
Q

What are new definitions of mass and volume i learned?

A
  • mass: the number of mlcs in an obj
  • volume: the amount of space the mlcs in an obj occupt
31
Q

matter is made up of atoms and also what?

A

mlcs

32
Q

matter can exist in ___ states depending on the ____

A
  • different
  • environment
33
Q

What is the correct conjugate acid for NH3?

A

NH4+ (ammonium)- a weak acid

34
Q

What are two elemenets that DO NOT follow the octet rule? Instead what rule do they follow? What does that rule say?

A
  • H and He
  • DUET rule
  • only need 2 electrons in valence/ outer shell.
35
Q

What are some pieces of evidence that a chemical reaction has taken place?

A
  • color change
  • release of light
  • formation of a solid precipitate
  • formation of gas (ie. bubbles)
  • change in temperature
  • change in chemical composition/ chemical identity
36
Q

Dipole always points towards the ___ EN atom

A

MORE

37
Q

Balance the following chemical equation
C2H6 + O2 –> CO2 + H2O

A

2,7,4,6

when original Coeff dont work x2 the ones i have

38
Q

What elements should be balanced last?

A

O and H

39
Q

Balance the following chemical equation
Ca3N2 + H2O –> Ca (OH)2 + NH3

A

1,6,3,2

lesson: parenthesis = distribute to atoms

40
Q

What is the correct number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for the given isotope?

16
O -2
8

A
  • protons = atomic number = 8
  • neutrons = mass number - number of protons = 16-8= 8
  • electrons [ protons + electrons = charge], so 8+ _ = -2 ; -10
41
Q

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does Al ion with a 3+ charge have?

A
  • protons = atomic number = 13
  • neutrons = mass # - # of protons = 27-13= 14
  • electrons [ protons + electrons = charge], so 13 + _ = +3; -10, so 10 electrons
42
Q

If more energy is required to remove a valence electron from an atom, then the IE ____

A

increases

43
Q
  • Items that are ___ dense than water will float in water
  • What is the normal density of pure water?
A
  • less
  • 1 g/ cm^3
44
Q

What has no definite shape or volume and is an excellent conductor of electricity?

A

plasma (similar to gas) (plasma is also affected by magnetic fields)

chemistry (12 decks)

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