(Chemistry) Introduction to Matter Flashcards
What is Matter?
Anything that has MASS and VOLUME
What is a particle?
A small or singular portion of MATTER
PURE SUBSTANCE
A substance made up of ONE type of particle.
ELEMENTS
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler chemical substance by any PHYSICAL or CHEMICAL means.
COMPOUND
A pure substance composed of TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS that are chemically JOINED.
MIXTURE
a substance that is made up of AT LEAST TWO DIFFERENT TYPES of particles.
MECHANICAL (HETEROGENOUS) MIXTURE
A mixture in which you can VISUALLY DISTINGUISH between different types of matter. This is also called a HETEROGENOUS MIXTURE
SOLUTION (HOMOGENOUS)
A UNIFORM MIXTURE of two or more substances. This is also called a HOMOGENOUS MIXTURE.
What is the PARTICLE THEORY?
Describes how matter behaves.
Characteristics of Matter (use acronym PISAM)
P - matter is made of PARTICLES
I - pure substances have IDENTICAL particles
S - there is empty SPACE between particles
A - particles ATTRACT each other
M - particles are in constant MOTION
All changes of state involve a loss or gain of ____ which is a form of ______.
All changes of state involve a loss or gain of HEAT which is a form of ENERGY.
Particle STATE OF MATTER is:
SOLID -> LIQUID -> GAS
What are the TWO MIXTURES?
A mechanical mixture and a solution
What happens when a substance is heated?
The particles absorb energy and VIBRATE and MOVE AROUND more
What happens when a substance is cooled?
Particles slow down and move CLOSER together to get rid of SPACE.
What are the three main points of states of matter?
Particles vibrate more and bump into each other more. Particle spacing increases. Attraction between particles decreases.
