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Science (09) > (Chemistry) Families of Periodic Table and Bohr Diagrams > Flashcards

(Chemistry) Families of Periodic Table and Bohr Diagrams Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 large groups of the periodic table?

A

Metals
Non-metals
Metalloids (Semi-metal)

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2
Q

What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?

A

Periods or series.

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3
Q

Elements in the same period have the same __________

A

number of energy levels/electron shells.

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4
Q

What are vertical columns in the periodic table called?

A

Groups or families.

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5
Q

Group 1 is…

A

Alkali Metals

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6
Q

The common physical properties of group 1 are…

A

-Solids
-Shiny, silvery colour
-Soft metals

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7
Q

The common chemical properties of group 1 are…

A

-Extremely reactive
-Reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas
-Found in nature only as compounds.
- + ion forms when one electron is lost.

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8
Q

Elements found in group 1 are… (Hint: there are 6)

A

Lithium (Li)
Sodium (Na)
Potassium (K)
Rubidium (Rb)
Cesium (Cs)
Francium (Fr)

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9
Q

Group 2 is…

A

Alkaline Earth Metals

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10
Q

The common physical properties of group 2 are…

A

-Solids
-Metals
-Higher density than group 1 (Alkali Metals)

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11
Q

The common chemical properties of group 2 are…

A

-Very reactive
-Found in nature only in compounds
- +2 ions form when 2 electrons are lost.

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12
Q

Elements found in group 2 are.. (Hint: there are 6)

A

Beryllium (Be)
Magnesium (Mg)
Calcium (Ca)
Strontium (Sr)
Barium (Ba)
Radium (Ra)

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13
Q

Groups 7 is..

A

Halogens

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14
Q

The common physical properties of group 7 are..

A

-Non metals

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15
Q

The common chemical properties of group 7 are..

A

-Extremely reactive
-Very corrosive
-Found in nature as compounds only
-Gaining 1 electron results in -1 ion forming

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16
Q

Elements found in group 7 are.. (Hint: there are 5)

A

Fluorine
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
Astatine

17
Q

Groups 8 is..

A

Noble gases

18
Q

The common physical properties of group 8 are..

A

-Non-metals
-Gases at room temperature
-Odourless
-Colourless
-Tasteless
-Stable electron structure

19
Q

The common chemical properties of group 8 are..

A

-Very stable
-Unreactive because of full outer shell electrons
-Almost never combine with other chemicals
-Do not gain/lose electrons

20
Q

Elements in group 8 are.. (Hint: there are 6)

A

-Helium (He)
-Argon (Ar)
-Neon (Ne)
-Kyrpton (Kr)
-Xenon (Xe)

21
Q

What are some other groups?

A

-Transition metals
-Lanthanides
-Actinides

22
Q

How many elements are naturally occurring?

A

1-92

23
Q

How many elements are man made?

A

93-102

24
Q

Which element is a misfit?

A

Hydrogen.

25
Q

How does each element in group 7 (Halogens) look?

A

Fluorine - Yellow gas
Chlorine - Yellow-green gas
Bromine - Red-brown liquid
Iodine - Violet/black solid
Astatine - Radioactive

26
Q

Why do we place one electron at each spot on a Lewis Dot Diagram?

A

Electrons have negative charges, which means they repel. We have to place one electron at each spot before they pair up.

27
Q

How do you get neutrons?

A

Neutrons is = Mass number - Atomic number
Protons are = the same as the atomic number.

28
Q

What is a BR diagram?

A

Bohr diagrams show electrons orbiting the nucleus of an atom somewhat like planets orbit around the sun.

29
Q

What is a Lewis Dot diagram?

A

a representation of the valence electrons of an atom.

30
Q

What is the full name of the BR diagram?

A

Bohr-Rutherford diagram.

31
Q

What is the maximum capacity for each shell in the BR diagram? (four shells).

A

First shell: 2
Second shell: 8
Third shell: 18
Fourth shell: 32

32
Q

What is an atomic nucleus?

A

A nucleus is the dense central core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons.

33
Q

The number of __ are equal to the number of __.

A

The number of protons are equal to the number of electrons.

Science (09) (10 decks)

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