Chemistry (Atoms and Elements) Unit 1 Flashcards
What does WHMIS stand for?
Workplace Hazardous Material Information System
What does MSDS stand for?
Material
Safety
Data
Sheet
Who wondered why matter behaves the way it does and tried to answer this through thought and mind?
Greek philosophers
Who believed all matter was composed of 4 elements? What were they?
Empedocies.
Earth, water, fire, air.
Who believes that all matter was composed of tiny particles that could not be broken down any further, called atoms?
Democritus
Who was the philosopher that adopted Empeocies four element model?
Aristotle
Who were the first to do hands on experimentation?
Alchemists
List the three beliefs of the Alchemists
- some elements could be changed into others (ex.lead to gold)
- they could find a substance that would give them eternal life
- they could produce a universal solvent that would dissolve all substances
What increased the number of tools for experimentation and found more elements?
The industrial revolution
Who defined the term element and discovered 23 more elements?
Antoine de Lavoisier
Who’s model was an atom that was a solid, indestructible sphere with no subatomic particles? What was this model nicknamed?
Dalton. Billard Ball Model.
Who discovered protons and electrons? What was this model nicknamed?
Thompson. Plum pudding model.
Who discovered that the nucleus is surrounded by empty space, and that it has a positive charge (meaning all the protons are located here)?
Rutherford
Who discovered that the electrons are in orbital around the nucleus?
Bohr
How do you find the number of electrons?
electrons are equal to the atomic number
How do you find the number of protons?
Protons are equal to the atomic number
How do you find the number of neutrons?
atomic mass-atomic number=number of neutrons
How did Mendeleev organize his periodic table? Why was it wrong?
He increased the elements by atomic mass. This was incorrect because the elements were not beside those with similar properties.
How were elements in Henrey Moseleys periodic table arranged?
He increased them by atomic number.
Who’s periodic table do we use today?
Henry Moseley’s
What is the name for the columns in the periodic table?
groups or family’s
what do elements in the same columns have in common with one another?
similar characteristic properties, same amount of electrons i the outer orbital
what is the name for the rows on the periodic table?
periods
what do elements in the same row have in common with one another?
the atomic number goes up consecutively, and they have the same number of atomic orbitals.
What column the periodic table are the alkali metals located in? how many electrons do the metals have in their outer orbital?
- 1
- 1
what families would be the most reactive with other substances? why?
1 and 17, because these metals only have one electron to gain or lose from their outer orbital.
What family/families would be the least reactive? why?
the noble gases have no reaction because the outer orbit is completely filled.
