Chemistry 7-Rate of Reaction

Question 1

Rate of reaction depends on what 4 things

Answer 1

Temperature
Catalyst
Concentration (pressure for gasses)
Surface area of solids(smaller bits higher rate)

Question 2

Rate of reaction =

Answer 2

amount used or formed / time

Question 3

How does the precipitation method of observing rate of reaction work?

Answer 3

Observe a mark on a beaker and wait until you cant see it anymore

Question 4

Change in mass is measured how?

Answer 4

Production of a gas leads to a decrease in the mass of a scale

The quicker the readings drop the faster the reaction

Question 5

Name one more more method of observing rate of reaction

Answer 5

Volume of gas given off

Using syringe

Question 6

If you were to double the quantity of small chips present in a HCl solution, what happens?

Answer 6

Quicker reaction

More gas created

Question 7

Which method would you use for HCl and Marble Chips

Answer 7

Volume given off (Syringe)

Question 8

Which method would you use for magnesium metal and HCl

Answer 8

Mass scales + gas given off

Question 9

why is the mass scale method good?

Answer 9

Can help work out the measuring effects of increased concentration as H+ is given off

Question 10

Sodium Thiosulfate + HCl produce what precipitate

Answer 10

Cloudy yellow

Question 11

sodium thiosulfate and HCl are what colour?

Answer 11

clear

Question 12

What can we do with the sodium thiosulphate and HCl reaction when repeating it?

Answer 12

Use of different temperatures via a waterbath

Question 13

What is the precipiate formed with sodium thiosulphate and HCl

Answer 13

Sulphur

Question 14

Hydrogen peroxide breaks down into what?

Answer 14

Water / oxygen

Question 15

What 3 things can speed up the rate of reaction with hydrogen peroxide breakdown

Answer 15

Manganse (IV) oxide catalyst

Potato Peel

Blood

Question 16

Name the main benefit from an industrial point of view on catalyst

Answer 16

Never get used up in the reaction

Question 17

What can poison the iron catalyst in the Haber process?

Answer 17

sulphur impurities

Question 18

Name an example of an exothermic reaction

Answer 18

Burning fuels (Combustion)

Question 19

Acid + Alkali are what type of reaction?

Answer 19

Exothermic

Question 20

Sodium and water is what type of reaction

Answer 20

exothermic

Question 21

Handwarmers use what to generate heat

Answer 21

oxidation of iron in air

with salt solution catalyst to generate heat

Question 22

Thermal decomposition is what type of reaction

Answer 22

Endothermic

Question 23

Give an example of a endothermic reaction in practical use

Answer 23

Sports injury pack

They take in heat which makes the pack very cold

Question 24

What must be supplied to decompose calcium carbonate?

What sort of reaction is this?

Answer 24

Heat

Endothermic reaction

Question 25

Hydrated copper sulphate --> anhydrous copper sulphate and water what type of reaction?

Answer 25

Endothermic

Question 26

Anhydrous Copper sulphate + water -->Hydrate copper sulphate what type of reaction

Answer 26

exothermic

Question 27

Heating blue copper (2) sulphate turns it what colour?

Answer 27

White

Question 28

Bond breaking is what type of reaction

Answer 28

endothermic

Question 29

bond formation is what type of reaction

Answer 29

exothermic

Question 30

In an endothermic reaction, the energy required to break old bonds is what?

Answer 30

Greater than the energy released when new bonds are formed

Question 31

In an exothermic reaction, the energy released in bond formation is what?

Answer 31

Greater than the energy used in breaking old bonds

Question 32

How can you measure the amount of energy released in a chemical reaction?

Answer 32

taking temperature of the reagents at start / and at end

Question 33

What method is used to measure the amount of energy released?

Answer 33

Polysteyrene cup + beaker of cotton wool and a lid

Question 34

What type of reactions is using the polysteryne cup good for?

Answer 34

Solids with water neutralisation reactions

Question 35

Working out using Calorimetry equation

Answer 35

mass of water x specific heat capacity (4.2) x change in temperature

Question 36

In exothermic reactions, the reactants always have what?

Answer 36

more starting energy hence -H

Question 37

In endothermic reactions, the products always have what?

Answer 37

Greater initial energy hence +H

Question 38

Dynamic equiibrium is what

Answer 38

Where both sides of the reaction are happening simultaneously but no overall net change

Question 39

Equilibrium in a reaction only happens in what type of system?

Answer 39

Closed system

Question 40

What 3 things can change equilibrium?

Answer 40

Temperature pressure concentration

Question 41

Adding a catalyst doesnt do what

Answer 41

change the equilibrium position

Question 42

Decreasing the temperature of a reaction, will shift the equilibrium why

Answer 42

Moves in to exothermic direction to produce more heat

Question 43

Increasing the temperature causes the equilibrium to move where

Answer 43

endothermic direction to try and decrease the temperature

Question 44

Changing pressure only affects what

Answer 44

gases

Question 45

Increasing the pressure changes the equilibrium how and why

Answer 45

It tries to reduce it by moving equilibrium in the direction where there are fewer molecules (the side with less moles)

Question 46

Increasing the concentration of the reactants will do what to the equilibrium?

Answer 46

Tries to decrease it by making more product (shifts to the right)

Question 47

Increasing the concentration of a product will do what to equilibrium?

Answer 47

Shift to the left by creating more reactant

Question 48

Nitrogen and Hydrogen form what

Answer 48

Ammonia

Question 49

Hydrogen can be obtained how?

Answer 49

Natural gas / crude oil

Question 50

With the haber process, which is the exothermic reaction?

Answer 50

forward reaction

Question 51

What happens in the Haber process when increasing pressure?

Answer 51

More ammonia formed increased %yield

Question 52

Lowering the temperature does what for the reaction?

Answer 52

Increases the yield (favours exothermic reaction) However it takes longer

Question 53

what is the correct temperature for Haber

Answer 53

450*

Question 54

Ammonia is formed as what? What happens to the nitrogen/hydrogen

Answer 54

Formed as gas then cooled to form liquid recycled

Question 55

What catalyst is used in the haber process? what does it NOT change

Answer 55

iron catalyst decreases the temperature required

Question 56

Whats the ideal conditions for the Haber process?

Answer 56

High pressure and low temperature

Question 57

Draw the % yield of ammonia to pressure

Answer 57

=

Question 58

Draw the % yield of ammonia to temperature

Answer 58

=