Chemistry 4.3 Flashcards
What is the parent substance in the biosynthesis of androgens and estrogens?
A) Androstenedione
B) Progesterone
C) Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
D) Cholesterol
D) Cholesterol
What is the most potent androgen?
A) Dihydrotestosterone
B) Dehydroepiandrosterone
C) Androstenedione
D)Testosterone
A) Dihydrotestosterone
What is the most dominant estrogen during pregnancy?
A) Estriol
B) Epiestriol
C) Estradiol
D) Estrone
A) Estriol
Serum estriol levels have been steadily increasing since the 36th week of pregnancy.
What is the significance of this finding?
A) Fetal distress
B) Hemolytic disease of the newborn
C) A normal pregnancy
D) Immature fetal lung development
C) A normal pregnancy
What hormone, secreted by the placenta, is used for the early detection of pregnancy?
A) Progesterone
B) Luteinizing hormone
C) Human chorionic gonadotropin
D) Follicle-stimulating hormone
C) Human chorionic gonadotropin
Which of the following laboratory tests is used to assess fetomaternal function?
A) Estrone
B) Estradiol
C) Fetal fibronectin
D) Unconjugated estriol
What hormone stimulates androgen secretion by the testes?
A) Luteinizing hormone
B) Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
C) Testosterone
D) Androstenedione
A) Luteinizing hormone
Which of the following statements concerning progesterone is true?
A) It is produced by the placenta with the highest levels seen at conception and steadily decreasing levels until birth.
B) Its lowest levels are demonstrated during the luteal phase and highest during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
C) It is produced by the pituitary gland and is responsible for breast development, pubic hair growth, menses, and libido.
D) Its serum level increases following ovulation and then abruptly falls to low concentrations prior to onset of menstruation.
D) Its serum level increases following ovulation and then abruptly falls to low concentrations prior to onset of menstruation.
What is the principal estrogen produced by the ovary?
A) Epiestriol
B) Estradiol
C) Estriol
D) Estrone
B) Estradiol
Given the following laboratory results on a 50-year old female with chief complaint of menorrhagia, what is the most likely explanation?
Analyte Patient Result ReferenceRange
FSH 55 IU/mL 0.1-11 IU/mL
LH 21 IU/mL 0.1-16.4 I/mL
Estradiol 15 pmoll 20-111 pmolL
Reference: Soldin OP, Hoffman EG, Waring MA, Soldin SJ. Pediatric reference intervals for FSH, LH, estradiol, T3, free T3, cortisol, and growth hormone on the DPC IMMULITE 1000.
Clin Chim Acta. 2005; 355(1-2):205-210. doi:10.1016/j cccn 2005.01.006
A) Premenopausal (luteal phase)
B) Premenopausal (midcycle)
C) Postmenopausal
D) Premenopausal (follicular phase)
C) Postmenopausal
The serum calcium concentration is regulated by which of the following hormones?
A) Thyroxine
B) Vitamin D
C) Albumin
D) Parathyroid hormone
D) Parathyroid hormone
Hypercalcemia of malignancy is associated with increased levels of which of the following?
A) Vitamin D
B) Calcitonin
C) PTH-related protein
D) Magnesium
C) PTH-related protein
A patient has an increased serum calcium level and a decreased serum phosphorus level. The PTH level is also increased. These results correlate with which of the following disorders?
A) Hypoparathyroidism
B) Primary hyperparathyroidism
C) Tertiary hyperthyroidism
D) Secondary hyperparathyroidism
B) Primary hyperparathyroidism
The following laboratory serum results were obtained: increased calcium, borderline low phosphate, normal alkaline phosphatase, and decreased PTH. These results are most compatible with which of the following parathyroid disorders?
A) Pseudohypoparathyroidism
B) Primary hypoparathyroidism
C) Primary hyperparathyroidism
D) Hypercalcemia of malignancy
D) Hypercalcemia of malignancy
Which of the following is an effect of increased parathyroid hormone secretion?
A) Increased renal reabsorption of phosphate
B) Increased intestinal absorption of calcium
C) Decreased bone resorption
D) Decreased blood calcium levels
B) Increased intestinal absorption of calcium
