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Clinical Chemistry > Chemistry 4.2 > Flashcards

Chemistry 4.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

A deficiency of arginine vasopressin can lead to which of the following disorders?
A) Dwarfism
B) Prolactinoma
C) Addison’s disease
D) Diabetes insipidus

A

D) Diabetes insipidus

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2
Q

What endocrine gland stimulates the secretion of pituitary hormones?
A) Anterior pituitary gland
B) Hypothalamus
C) Posterior pituitary gland
D) Pineal gland

A

B) Hypothalamus

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3
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone is inhibited by elevated levels of what hormone?
A) Cortisol
B) Aldosterone
C) Progesterone
D) Epinephrine

A

A) Cortisol

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4
Q

A growth hormone secreting-tumor in an adult may result in which of the following conditions?
A) Acromegaly
B) Giantism
C) Cretinism
D) Dwarfism

A

A) Acromegaly

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5
Q

Which of the following is a tropic (stimulating) hormone?
A) Thyroxine
B) Growth hormone
C) Testosterone
D) Parathyroid hormone

A

B) Growth hormone

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6
Q

An endocrinologist reviews the following results with his 21-year-old male patient who presented with anosmia. Which of the following conditions correlate with these results?

FSH 0.8 mIU/mL (1-10)
LH 0.3 mIU/mL (2-10)
Testosterone 1.5 nmol/L. (9-38)

A) Sheehan syndrome
B) Kallmann’s syndrome
C) Prolactinoma
D) Galactorrhea

A

B) Kallmann’s syndrome

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7
Q

Which of the following is the most common type of functional pituitary tumor?
A) GH-secreting
B) TSH-secreting
C) ACTH-secreting
D) Prolactin-secreting

A

D) Prolactin-secreting

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8
Q

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
A) АСТН
B) ADH
C) Cortisol
D) GH

A

B) ADH

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9
Q

Which of the following hormones is made by the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland?
A) Antidiuretic hormone
B) Oxytocin
C) Aldosterone
D) Somatostatin

A

A) Antidiuretic hormone

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10
Q

What anterior pituitary hormone lacks a stimulatory hypophysiotropic hormone?
А) АСТН
B) Arginine vasopressin
C) Prolactin
D) Growth hormone

A

B) Arginine vasopressin

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11
Q

Which of the following expected laboratory results correlates with Addison’s disease?
A) High sodium, low potassium levels
B) Low sodium, low potassium levels
C) Low sodium, high potassium levels
D) High sodium, high potassium levels

A

C) Low sodium, high potassium levels

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12
Q

What is the screening test for the presumptive diagnosis of pheochromocytoma?
A) 24-hour urine vanillylmandelic acid
B) 24-hour urine metanephrines
C) Plasma catecholamines
D) Plasma fractionated metanephrines

A

D) Plasma fractionated metanephrines

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13
Q

Which of the following laboratory results would warrant a patient with low blood pressure be prescribed a diuretic and placed on a low-salt diet?
A) Increased renin, increased aldosterone, hypernatremia, hypokalemia
B) Decreased renin, decreased aldosterone, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia
C) Increased renin, decreased aldosterone, hypernatremia, hypokalemia
D) Decreased renin, increased aldosterone, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia

A

A) Increased renin, increased aldosterone, hypernatremia, hypokalemia

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14
Q

Which of the following is a metabolite of epinephrine and can be measured in urine?
A) Vanillylmandelic acid
B) Homovanillic acid
C) Norepinephrine
D) Dopamine

A

A) Vanillylmandelic acid

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15
Q

What is the definitive diagnosis for primary adrenal insufficiency?
A) Decreased glucocorticoid production
B) Decreased 24-hour urine metanephrines
C) Impaired response to ACTH stimulation
D) Increased free urinary cortisol excretion

A

C) Impaired response to ACTH stimulation

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16
Q

Which of the following tests for adrenal cortical hyperfunction has the greatest diagnostic sensitivity?
A) Salivary cortisol
B) Plasma corticosterone
C) Urinary free cortisol
D) Plasma cortisol

A

C) Urinary free cortisol

17
Q

To demonstrate diurnal variation, at what times should specimens be drawn for plasma cortisol determination?
A) 12 noon, 6 p.m.
B) 8 a.m., 2 p.m.
C) 8 a.m., 8 p.m.
D) 6 a.m., 12 noon

A

C) 8 a.m., 8 p.m.

18
Q

Which of the following specimens are collected during a petrosal sinus sampling with
CRH stimulation procedure?
A) Renin and potassium
B) ACTH and cortisol
C) Aldosterone and sodium
D) Cortisol and glucose

A

B) ACTH and cortisol

19
Q

Which of the following is used to differentiate between an aldosterone-producing adenoma and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism?
A) Fractionated catecholamines
B) Petrosal sinus sampling
C) Urinary metanephrines
D) Adrenal vein sampling

A

D) Adrenal vein sampling

20
Q

Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by enzyme deficiencies involved in the production of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids?
A) Cushing’s syndrome
B) Conn’s syndrome
C) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
D) Addison’s disease

A

C) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Clinical Chemistry (7 decks)

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