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Clinical Chemistry > Chemistry 3.3 > Flashcards

Chemistry 3.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

A serum uE3 < 0.15 MoM in the presence of a negative quad screen can indicate which of the following syndromes?
A) Smith-Lemli Opitz syndrome-
B) Patau syndrome
C) Edward syndrome
D) Down syndrome

A

A) Smith-Lemli Opitz syndrome

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2
Q

The most common use of uE measurement in maternal serum is used for prenatal screening for which of the following?
A) Nuchal translucency
B) Marfan syndrome
C) Smith-Lemli Opitz syndrome
D) Down syndrome

A

D) Down syndrome

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3
Q

During embryonic development, when does the attachment of the placenta occur during development in the womb?
A) 4 weeks of gestation
B) 2 weeks of gestation
C) 5 days after conception
D) 7 days after conception

A

A) 4 weeks of gestation

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4
Q

What is the compensatory mechanism for respiratory alkalosis experienced during pregnancy?
A) Sodium excretion
B) Bicarbonate excretion
C) Hydrogen ion retention
D) Phosphate excretion

A

B) Bicarbonate excretion

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5
Q

In what part of the reproductive tract do 98% of ectopic pregnancies occur?
A) Fallopian tube
B) Parenchymal tissue
C) Uterus
D) Ovary

A

A) Fallopian tube

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6
Q

A pregnancy that experiences hypertension, proteinuria, and edema in the second and third trimester and leads to convulsions is referred to as which of the following?
A) HELLP syndrome
B) Hyperemesis gravidarum
C) Vitamin B12 deficiency
D) Pre-eclampsia

A

D) Pre-eclampsia

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7
Q

Isoimmunization is caused by which of the following?
A) Heterophile antibodies developed by the fetus bind to maternal erythrocytes.
B) The fetus develops antibodies against the mother’s foreign protein antigens.
C) A mother develops antibodies amainst the fetal red blood cell antigens.
D) Alloantibodies produced by a fraternal twins’ human leukocyte antigens

A

C) A mother develops antibodies amainst the fetal red blood cell antigens.

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8
Q

Which of the following lab results indicates the fetus may have a neural tube defect?
A) Elevated alpha fetoprotein
B) Low maternal serum unconjugated estridiol
C) Elevated maternal serum HCG M
D) Elevated PAPP-A

A

A) Elevated alpha fetoprotein

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9
Q

Acetylcholinesterase measurement in amniotic fluid is useful for the detection of which of the following fetal defects?
A) Respiratory distress syndrome
B) Trisomies
C) Neural tube defects
D) Hemolytic disease of the fetus

A

C) Neural tube defects

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10
Q

A 35-year-old pregnant woman went to the high-risk OB/GYN to review the following laboratory results. These laboratory results correlate with which of the following conditions?

Quad screen Negative
PAPP-A Low
AFP < 2.5 MoM
uE3 - 0.15 MoM
Trisomy 18 screen risk
1/200
Insomy 21 screen risk 1/300
Monosomy X Negative
22Q11.2 deletion syndrome Negative
Triploidy Negative
* Gender of fetus. XY

A) Menkes kinky hair syndrome
B) Edward syndrome
C) Down syndrome
D) Smith-Lemli Opitz syndrome

A

D) Smith-Lemli Opitz syndrome

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11
Q

A sweat chloride result > 60 mmol/L correlates with which of the following pediatric conditions?
A) Dehydration
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Diabetes mellitus
D)Phenylketonuria

A

B) Cystic fibrosis

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12
Q

Which of the following blood-gas results would be expected in a premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome?
A) Increased pCO2, decreased pH
B) Increased pCOz, increased pH
C) Decreased pCO2, decreased pH
D) Decreased pCO2, increased pH

A

A) Increased pCO2, decreased pH

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13
Q

Pediatric patients typically will have elevated results for which of the following enzymes due to bone growth?
A) Alkaline phosphatase
B) Acid phosphatase
C) Aspartate aminotransferase
D)Alanine aminotransferase

A

A) Alkaline phosphatase

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14
Q

A neonatal bilirubin of 18.0 mg/dL is held in the total laboratory automation middleware. What is the next step?
A) Recalibrate bilirubin assay
B) Call the critical result
C) Recollect the specimen
D) Report the bilirubin result

A

B) Call the critical result

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15
Q

Which of the following conditions is likely to occur after a diabetic pregnant female on a regimented insulin schedule delivers her baby?
A) Galactosemia
B) Neonatal hypoglycemia
C) Respiratory distress syndrome
D Hypoglycemic shock

A

B) Neonatal hypoglycemia

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16
Q

Which of the following is measured by tandem mass spectrometer when screening for phenylketonuria?
A) Organic acids
B) Fatty acids
C) Urea cycle enzymes
D) Amino acids

A

D) Amino acids

17
Q

What is the specimen of choice and principle of the test for diagnosing congenital rubella?
A) Neonatal serum for the detection of IgG antibodies
B) Maternal serum for the detection of IgG antibodies
C) Neonatal serum for the detection of IgM antibodies
D) Maternal serum for the detection of IgM antibodies

A

C) Neonatal serum for the detection of IgM antibodies

18
Q

A newborn had the following urinalysis test results. What is the most probable explanation for these results?
Glucose Negative
Ketones Positive
Clinitest Positive

A) Diabetes insipidus
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Galactosemia
D) Phenylketonuria

A

C) Galactosemia

19
Q

The glomerular filtration rate in the neonate is what percentage of the adult?
A) 25%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 33%

A

A) 25%

20
Q

Pediatricians recommend the use of Tylenol over aspirin in children in order to prevent which of the following complications characterized by hyperammonemia?
A) Cystic fibrosis
B) Reye’s syndrome
C) Diabetes mellitus
D) Otitis media

A

B) Reye’s syndrome

21
Q

The reference range for which of the following analytes remains unchanged in the geriatric population?
A) Glucose
B) Creatinine
C) B-type natriuretic peptide
D) Estrogen

A

A) Glucose

22
Q

Which of the following is a complication of severe dehydration seen in the elderly?
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Delirium
C) Sarcoidosis
D) Hyponatremia

A

B) Delirium

23
Q

Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the United States in individuals 65 years of age?
A) SARS-CoV-2
B) Cancer
C) Stroke
D) Heart attack

A

A) SARS-CoV-2

24
Q

Which of the following poses the greatest challenge when collecting blood from an elderly patient?
A) Nutritional status
B) Dehydration
C) Memory loss
D) Medication regimen

A

B) Dehydration

25
Q

Which of the following hormones declines in the aging population and may cause orthostatic hypotension and a drop in blood pressure upon standing?
A) Erythropoietin
B) Thyroid stimulating hormone
C) Aldosterone
D) Antidiuretic hormone

A

C) Aldosterone

26
Q

Which of the following is a common problem in the elderly but is often more difficult to diagnose?
A) Hypertension
B) Dehydration
C) Hypothyroidism
D) Pneumonia

A

C) Hypothyroidism

27
Q

Decreased pulsatile secretion of which of the following diminishes with age, resulting in a decrease in lean body mass/fat ratio, as well as loss of overall body mass?
A) Creatine
B) Creatinine
C) Growth hormone
D) Melatonin

A

C) Growth hormone

28
Q

The shingles vaccine is recommended for adults.50 years of age and older to prevent infection from which of the following pathogens?
A) Herpes simplex virus
B) SARS-CoV-2
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Herpes varicella zoster virus

A

D) Herpes varicella zoster virus

29
Q

Which of the following statements is false concerning the aging population?

A) Geriatric syndromes cannot solely be diagnosed by lab tests.
B) Older adults have more special needs than younger adults.
C) The number of older adults will continue to decrease in society.
D) The elderly can benefit from a regular exercise program.

A

C) The number of older adults will continue to decrease in society.

30
Q

The laboratory results, from an 84-year-old female, are evaluated by the healthcare provider. What additional laboratory test may assist in differential diagnosis for this patient?

Test. Result. Reference Range
Sodium. 130 mmoV/L. 136-145 mmol/L
Potassium. 3.0 mmol/L. 3.4-5.0 mmol/L
Chloride. 95 mmol/L. 98-107 mmol/L
Bicarbonate. 24 mmol/L. 22-29 mmol/L
BUN. 15 mg/dL. 6-20 mg/dL
Creatinine. 1.0 mg/dI. 0.6-1.1 mg/ dL
Glucose. 69 mg/dL. 70-100 mg/dL

A) Hemoglobin A1c
B) Aldosterone
C) Albumin
D) eGFR

A

C) Albumin

Clinical Chemistry (7 decks)

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