Chemistry 2nd Semester Final (Matching Vocab)

Question 1

A covalent bond in which only one pair of electrons is shared

Answer 1

Single covalent bond

Question 2

A covalent bond in which the shared electron pair both come from only one of the atoms

Answer 2

Coordinate covalent bond

Question 3

A depiction of the arrangement of atoms in molecules and polyatomic ions

Answer 3

Structural formula

Question 4

The energy required to break a single bond

Answer 4

Bond dissociation energy

Question 5

A covalent bond which only two pairs of electrons are shared

Answer 5

Double covalent bond

Question 6

A type of bond that is very important in determining the properties of water and of many biological molecules

Answer 6

Hydrogen bond

Question 7

A covalent bond between two atoms of significantly different electronegativities

Answer 7

Polar bond

Question 8

Which covalent bond is the weakest?

Answer 8

single covalent

Question 9

Types of structure that occur when it is possible to write more than one electron dot formula

Answer 9

resonance

Question 10

What are the diatomic molecules

Answer 10

H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I

Question 11

VSEPR Theory explains what about molecules

Answer 11

3D shape

Question 12

Atoms tend to achieve the electron configuration of a(n) _______________.

Answer 12

noble gas

Question 13

The percent by mass of each element in a compound

Answer 13

percent composition

Question 14

STP

Answer 14

0 degrees and 1 atm

Question 15

The number of representative particles of a substance present in 1 mole of that substance

Answer 15

Avogadro’s number

Question 16

The SI unit used to measure the amount of a substance

Answer 16

mole

Question 17

An atom, an ion, or molecule, depending upon the way a substance commonly exists

Answer 17

representative particle

Question 18

The number of grans of an element that is numerically equal to the atomic mass of the element in amu

Answer 18

gram atomic mass

Question 19

The volume occupied by a mole of any gas at STP

Answer 19

molar volume

Question 20

The mass of a mole of an ionic compound

Answer 20

gram formula mass

Question 21

The mass of a mole of any element or compound

Answer 21

molar mass

Question 22

The mass of a mole of a molecular compound

Answer 22

gram molecular mass

Question 23

Atom or group of atoms having a positive charge

Answer 23

cation

Question 24

Any atom or group of atoms having a negative charge

Answer 24

anion

Question 25

A chemical equation that doesn't indicate the relative amounts of reactants and products

Answer 25

skeleton equation

Question 26

An equation in which each side has the same number of atoms of each element

Answer 26

balanced equation

Question 27

A starting substance in a chemical reaction

Answer 27

reactant

Question 28

A substance that speeds up a reaction without being used in the reaction

Answer 28

catalyst

Question 29

A new substance formed in a chemical reaction

Answer 29

product

Question 30

A list of metals in order of decreasing reactivity

Answer 30

activity series of metals

Question 31

A reaction in which a single compound is broken down into simpler substances

Answer 31

decomposition reaction

Question 32

A reaction in which oxygen reacts with another substance, often producing heat or light

Answer 32

combustion reaction

Question 33

A reaction in which the atoms of one element replace the atoms of a second element

Answer 33

single-replacement reaction

Question 34

The ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield

Answer 34

percent yield

Question 35

The calculated amount of product formed during a reaction

Answer 35

theoretical yield

Question 36

The amount of product formed when a reaction is carried out in the laboratory

Answer 36

actual yield

Question 37

The reactant that determines the amount of product that can be formed in a reaction

Answer 37

limiting reagent

Question 38

Quantity of a reactant that is more than enough to react with a limiting reagent

Answer 38

excess reagent

Question 39

Tells us that we start and end with the same quantity

Answer 39

Law of Conservation of mass

Question 40

The calculation of quantities in reactions based on a balanced equation

Answer 40

Stoichiometry

Question 41

Avogadro's number

Answer 41

6.02x10^23

Question 42

solute ions or molecules are surrounded by solvent molecules

Answer 42

solvation

Question 43

dissolving medium

Answer 43

solvent

Question 44

compound that ionizes **incompletely** in aqueous solution

Answer 44

weak electrolite

Question 45

compound that **will conduct current** in the liquid state or in aqueous solution

Answer 45

electrolyte

Question 46

**homogeneous mixture** of water and dissolved substances

Answer 46

aqueous solution

Question 47

mixture in which particle **size** averages **between 1 nm and 100 nm** diameter

Answer 47

colloid

Question 48

another name for wetting agent

Answer 48

surfactant

Question 49

**absorbs water** from air to solution

Answer 49

deliquescent

Question 50

dissolved particle in a solution

Answer 50

solute

Question 51

another name for drying agent

Answer 51

desiccant

Question 52

**gives off** water of hydration

Answer 52

efflorescent

Question 53

water in the crystal structure of a substance

Answer 53

water of hydration

Question 54

inward **force** tending to minimize surface area

Answer 54

surface tension

Question 55

mixture in which **particle size** averages **greater than 100 nm** in diameter

Answer 55

suspension

Question 56

substance that takes water from the air

Answer 56

hygroscopic

Question 57

**non-colloidal material** in a colloidal suspension

Answer 57

dispersion medium

Question 58

colloidal **particles** in a suspension

Answer 58

dispersed phase

Question 59

colloid of a **liquid in a liquid**

Answer 59

emulsion

Question 60

solution containing less than the maximum amount of dissolved solute

Answer 60

unsaturated solution

Question 61

measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a specified quantity of solvent

Answer 61

concentration

Question 62

solution containing more solute than can theoretically dissolve at given temperature

Answer 62

supersaturated solution

Question 63

the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of gas above the liquid

Answer 63

Henry’s Law

Question 64

solution containing the max amount of solute

Answer 64

saturated solution

Question 65

numbers of moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution

Answer 65

Molarity

Question 66

number of moles of solute dissolved in 1000g of solvent

Answer 66

molality

Question 67

ratio of moles of solute in solution to total number of moles of both solvent and solute

Answer 67

mole fraction

Question 68

a colligative property related to the fact that ice will form at higher temperatures in the Great Lakes than the ocean

Answer 68

freezing point depression

Question 69

a colligative property related to a decrease in the vapor pressure of a solution

Answer 69

boiling point elevation

Question 70

describes liquids that are soluble in one another

Answer 70

miscible

Question 71

solution containing a small amount of solute

Answer 71

dilute solution

Question 72

solution containing a large amount of solute

Answer 72

concentrated solution

Question 73

describes liquids that are insoluble in one another

Answer 73

immiscible

Question 74

depends on the number of particles a solute yields in a solution

Answer 74

colligative property