Chapter 17 - Water and Aqueous Systems

Question 1

What does q=mcΔT stand for?

Answer 1

heat = mass x specific heat x Δtemperature change

Question 1

Formula for changing temperature

Answer 1

q=mcΔT

Question 2

Formula for NOT changing temperature (boiling and melting)

Answer 2

q=mL

Question 3

What does q=mL stand for?

Answer 3

heat = mass x latent heat

Question 4

freezing (turning into ice), losing energy

Answer 4

fusion

Question 5

liquid → gas

Answer 5

vaporization

Question 6

gas → liquid

Answer 6

condensation

Question 7

solid → liquid

Answer 7

melting

Question 8

Energy to raise object temperature by 1°C

Answer 8

heat capacity

Question 9

Energy to raise 2g of something by 1°C

Answer 9

specific heat capacity

Question 10

Formula to calculate % mass in water

Answer 10

(mass of water) / (mass of hydrate) x 100

Question 11

Solute particles are surrounded by solvent particles

Answer 11

solvation

Question 12

Compound that ionizes incompletely

Answer 12

weak electrolite

Question 13

Homogeneous mixture of water and dissolved substances

Answer 13

aqueous solution

Question 14

The dissolving medium (what you are dissolving something in)

Answer 14

solvent

Question 15

A compound that will conduct current

Answer 15

electrolyte

Question 16

A mixture in which particle size averages between 1 and 100 nm

Answer 16

colloid

Question 17

Another name for drying agent (anything that is hygroscopic)

Answer 17

desiccant

Question 18

Water in the crystal structure of a substance

Answer 18

water of hydration

Question 19

Substance that takes water from the air

Answer 19

hygroscopic

Question 20

Another name for wetting agent

Answer 20

surfactant

Question 21

Substance that allows other substances to and absorbs water

Answer 21

wetting agent

Question 22

Gives off water of hydration

Answer 22

efflorescent

Question 23

Absorbs water from the air to form a solution

Answer 23

deliquescent

Question 24

Colloid of a liquid in a liquid

Answer 24

emulsion

Question 25

Substance that allows emulsions to form

Answer 25

emulsifying agent

Question 26

Mixture in which particle size averages greater than 100 nm

Answer 26

suspension

Question 27

The substance dissolved in a solution

Answer 27

solute

Question 28

The colloidal particles in a suspension

Answer 28

dispersed phase

Question 29

Inward force tending to minimize surface area

Answer 29

surface tension

Question 30

Salt containing water of hydration

Answer 30

hydrate

Question 31

Random movement

Answer 31

Brownian motion

Question 32

The non colloidal material in a colloidal suspension

Answer 32

dispersion medium

Question 32

Scattering of light by a dispersion

Answer 32

Tyndall effect

Question 32

Pulls 2 water molecules together

Answer 32

Hydrogen bond

Question 32

The fact that ice is less dense than water is related to the fact that...

Answer 32

ice has an open structure (hexagon)

Question 33

What type of substances disolve in water?

Answer 33

salts and polar molecules

Question 34

What type of substances do not disolve in water?

Answer 34

non-polar molecules (ex. gases, CO2)

Question 35

Name the properties of solutions

Answer 35

- always homogeneous - particles less than 1 nm

Question 36

Name the properties of suspensions

Answer 36

- always heterogeneous - particles greater than 100 nm

Question 37

Which atoms have the highest electronegativity and ionization energy?

Answer 37

Nonmetals

Question 38

Why does water require so much energy to evaporate?

Answer 38

Because of structure and hydrogen bonding