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Chemistry > Chapter 17 - Water and Aqueous Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 17 - Water and Aqueous Systems Flashcards

know how to draw the shape of a water molecule

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1
Q

What does q=mcΔT stand for?

A

heat = mass x specific heat x Δtemperature change

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1
Q

Formula for changing temperature

A

q=mcΔT

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2
Q

Formula for NOT changing temperature (boiling and melting)

A

q=mL

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3
Q

What does q=mL stand for?

A

heat = mass x latent heat

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4
Q

freezing (turning into ice), losing energy

A

fusion

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5
Q

liquid → gas

A

vaporization

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6
Q

gas → liquid

A

condensation

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7
Q

solid → liquid

A

melting

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8
Q

Energy to raise object temperature by 1°C

A

heat capacity

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9
Q

Energy to raise 2g of something by 1°C

A

specific heat capacity

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10
Q

Formula to calculate % mass in water

A

(mass of water) / (mass of hydrate) x 100

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11
Q

Solute particles are surrounded by solvent particles

A

solvation

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12
Q

Compound that ionizes incompletely

A

weak electrolite

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13
Q

Homogeneous mixture of water and dissolved substances

A

aqueous solution

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14
Q

The dissolving medium (what you are dissolving something in)

A

solvent

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15
Q

A compound that will conduct current

A

electrolyte

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16
Q

A mixture in which particle size averages between 1 and 100 nm

A

colloid

17
Q

Another name for drying agent (anything that is hygroscopic)

A

desiccant

18
Q

Water in the crystal structure of a substance

A

water of hydration

19
Q

Substance that takes water from the air

A

hygroscopic

20
Q

Another name for wetting agent

A

surfactant

21
Q

Substance that allows other substances to and absorbs water

A

wetting agent

22
Q

Gives off water of hydration

A

efflorescent

23
Q

Absorbs water from the air to form a solution

A

deliquescent

24
Q

Colloid of a liquid in a liquid

A

emulsion

25
Q

Substance that allows emulsions to form

A

emulsifying agent

26
Q

Mixture in which particle size averages greater than 100 nm

A

suspension

27
Q

The substance dissolved in a solution

A

solute

28
Q

The colloidal particles in a suspension

A

dispersed phase

29
Q

Inward force tending to minimize surface area

A

surface tension

30
Q

Salt containing water of hydration

A

hydrate

31
Q

Random movement

A

Brownian motion

32
Q

The non colloidal material in a colloidal suspension

A

dispersion medium

32
Q

Scattering of light by a dispersion

A

Tyndall effect

32
Q

Pulls 2 water molecules together

A

Hydrogen bond

32
Q

The fact that ice is less dense than water is related to the fact that…

A

ice has an open structure (hexagon)

33
Q

What type of substances disolve in water?

A

salts and polar molecules

34
Q

What type of substances do not disolve in water?

A

non-polar molecules (ex. gases, CO2)

35
Q

Name the properties of solutions

A
  • always homogeneous
  • particles less than 1 nm
36
Q

Name the properties of suspensions

A
  • always heterogeneous
  • particles greater than 100 nm
37
Q

Which atoms have the highest electronegativity and ionization energy?

A

Nonmetals

38
Q

Why does water require so much energy to evaporate?

A

Because of structure and hydrogen bonding

Chemistry (6 decks)

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