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Sanitation > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

0
Q

Acid alkaline neutralization reactions

A

When an acid is mixed with an alkali in equal proportions to neutralize each other and form water and salt

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1
Q

Acid mantle

A

Protective barrier of lipids and secretions on the surface of the skin

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2
Q

Acids

A

Substances that have a pH below 7.0 tastes sour and turn litmus paper from blue to red

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3
Q

Air

A

The gaseous mixture that makes up the earths atmosphere it is odorless colorless and generally consist of about one part oxygen and poor parts nitrogen by volume

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4
Q

Also known as bases compounds that react with acids to form salts have a pH above 7.0 taste better and turn litmus paper from red to blue

A

Alkalis

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5
Q

Anion

A

An ion with a negative electrical charge

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6
Q

Antioxidants

A

Used to stabilize skin care products by preventing oxidization that would otherwise cause a product to turn rancid and decompose they are vitamin such as a C and E which can be applied topically and products or taken internally to increase healthy body functions

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7
Q

Atoms

A

The smallest chemical components often called particles of an element that still retains the properties of the element

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8
Q

Cat ion

A

Ion with a positive electrical charge

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9
Q

Chemical change

A

Change in the chemical properties of a substance that is the result of a chemical reaction in which a new substance or substances are formed the properties different from the original

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10
Q

Chemical compounds

A

Combinations of two or more atoms of different elements United chemically with a fixed chemical composition definite proportions and distinct properties

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11
Q

Chemical properties

A

Those characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the identity of a substance

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12
Q

Chemistry

A

Science that deals with the composition structure and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions

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13
Q

Combustion

A

Rapid oxidization of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light

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14
Q

Compound molecules

A

Also known as compounds a chemical combinations of two or more atoms of different elements in definite fixed proportions

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15
Q

Element

A

The simplest form of matter cannot be broken down into simpler substance without loss of identity

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16
Q

Elemental molecules

A

Molecule containing two or more Atoms Open the same element in different proportions

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17
Q

Emotions

A

And unstable physical mixture of two or more in the simple substances substances that normally will not stay blended plus a special ingredient called and emulsifier

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18
Q

Free radicals

A

Unstable molecules that cause inflammation disease and biochemical aging in the body especially wrinkling and sagging of the skin free radicals are super oxidizers that cause and oxidization reaction and produce a new free radical in the process that are created by highly reactive atoms or molecules

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19
Q

Gases

A

Matter without a definite shape or size no fixed volume or shape takes the shape of its container

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20
Q

Hydrogen

A

Colorless odorless tasteless gas the lightest element known

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21
Q

Hydrogen peroxide

A

Chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen a colorless liquid with a characteristic older and a slightly acid taste

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22
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Easily absorbs moisture in chemistry terms capable of combining with or attracting water

23
Q

Hydroxide

A

An anion One oxygen and one hydrogen atom

24
Q

Immiscible

A

Liquid that are not capable of being mixed together to form stable solutions

25
Q

Inorganic chemistry

A

The study of substances that do not contain the elements carbon may contain elements hydrogen

26
Q

Ion

A

An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge

27
Q

Ionization

A

The separation of an Atom or molecule into positive or negative ious

28
Q

Lipophilic

A

Having an affinity for an attraction to fat and oils

29
Q

Liquids

A

Matter that has volume no definite shape and will take shape to its container such as water

30
Q

Logarithmic scale

A

A method of displaying data in multiples of 10

31
Q

Matter

A

Any substance that occupies space and has mass

32
Q

Miscible

A

Capable of being mixed liquids that are mutually soluble meaning that they can be mixed together to form stable solutions

33
Q

Molecule

A

The chemical combination of two or more atoms

34
Q

Nitrogen

A

A colorless gaseous element that makes up about 4/5 of the air in our atmosphere and is found chiefly in ammonia and nitrates

35
Q

Oil and water emulsion

A

Where to put dispersed in a water with the aid of a emulsifying agent.

36
Q

Organic chemistry

A

Study of substances that contain carbon

37
Q

Oxidation

A

Either addition of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen a chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce and oxide

38
Q

Oxidation reduction

A

Also known as redox chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and reducing agent is oxidized

39
Q

Oxidize

A

To combine or cause a substance to combine with oxygen

40
Q

Oxygen

A

The most abundant element on earth

41
Q

PH

A

That abbreviation used for potential hydrogen relative degree of acidity and alkalinity a substance PH represents the quantity of hydrogen ions

42
Q

PH scale

A

A measure of the acidity and alkalinity Weather substance the pH scale has a range of 0 to 14 with seven being a neutral pH below seven is an acidic solution a pH above six is an alkaline solution

43
Q

Physical change

A

Change in the form of physical properties of a substance without a chemical reaction of the formation of a new substance

44
Q

Physical mixtures

A

Combination of two or more substances United physically not chemically without a fixed composition and in any proportions

45
Q

Physical properties

A

Characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical change in the identity of a substance

46
Q

Redox reactions

A

Chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and they’re reducing agent is oxidized

47
Q

Reduction

A

The process through which oxygen is subtracted from or hydrogen is added to a substance through a chemical reaction

48
Q

Solids

A

The state of matter that is rigid with a definite size and shape such as ice

49
Q

Solute

A

A substance that dissolves the solute to form a solution

50
Q

Solutions

A

Her uniform mixture of two or more mutually miscible substances

51
Q

Solvent

A

A substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution

52
Q

States of matter

A

Three different physical forms of matter solid liquid and gas

53
Q

Surfactants

A

Acronym for surface active agents reduce surface tension between the skin and the product to increase product spreadability I love oil and water to mix or emulsify

54
Q

Suspensions

A

Unstable make sure as of two or more immiscible substances

55
Q

Water

A

Most abundant of all substances comprising about 75% of the Earth’s surface and about 65% of the human body

56
Q

Water in oil emulsion

A

Droplets of water dispersed in an oil

Sanitation (6 decks)

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