Anatomy chapter 6 Flashcards
0
Q
Absorption
A
The transport of fully digested food into the circulatory system to feed the tissues and cells
1
Q
Abductors
A
Muscles that draw a body parts such as a finger arm or tow away from the midline of the body or of any extremity in the hand abductors separate the fingers
2
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Adductor a
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Muscles that job body parts such as a finger arm or toe inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity in the hand adductors draw the fingers together
3
Q
Adipose tissue
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Specialized connective tissue you considered fat which gives smoothness and contour to the body and cushions and insulates the body
4
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Adrenal glands
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Glands that secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic process of the body including the fight or flight response
5
Q
Anabolism
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Constructive metabolism the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones
6
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Anatomy
A
The study of human body structure that can be seen with the naked eye and how the body parts are organized and the science of the structure of organisms or of their part
7
Q
Angular artery
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Artery that supplies blood to the side of the nose
8
Q
Aorta
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The body’s largest artery the arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be distributed by branch arteries through the body
9
Q
Arteries
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Thick walled muscular and flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the capillaries throughout the body
10
Q
Arteriolar
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Small arteries that deliver blood capillaries
11
Q
Atrioventricular valves
A
Abbreviated ATV valves which are designed to prevent the blood from flowing back into the pumping chamber
12
Q
Atrium
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In walled upper chamber of the heart through which blood is pumped to the ventricles there is a right atrium and the left atrium
13
Q
Auricularis anterior
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Muscle in front of the ear that draws the ear forward
14
Q
Auricularis posterior
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Muscle behind the ear that draws that your backward
15
Q
Agricularis superior
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Muscle about the air that draws the ear upward
16
Q
Auriculotemporal nerve
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Nerve at the affects the external ear and skin above the temple up to the top of the scull
17
Q
Autonomic nervous system
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Abbreviated ANS the part of the nervous system that controls involuntary muscle regulates the action of the smooth muscles glands blood vessels and heart
18
Q
Axon
A
The extension of a neuron through which impulses are sent away from the cell body to other neurons glands or muscles
19
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Belly
A
Middle part of a muscle
20
Q
Biceps
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Muscle producing the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm
21
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Blood
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Nutruitive fluid circulating through the circulatory system heart veins arteries and capillaries to supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues and to remove carbon dioxide and waste from them
22
Q
Blood vessels
A
Tube like structures that transport blood to and from the heart and to various tissues of the body include arteries arterioles capillaries venules and veins
23
Q
Blood system
A
Also known as systems groups of bodily organs acting together to perform one or more functions of the human body is composed of 11 major systems
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Brachial artery
Located in the upper arm the brachial artery is a major blood vessels which runs down the arm and ends by dividing into the radio and owner arteries which run down through the forearm
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Brain
Part of the central nervous system contained in the cranium largest and most complex nerve tissues contest sensation muscles glandular activity from the power to think and feel
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Brainstem
Structure that connects the spinal cord to the brain
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Buccal nerve
Nerve that affects the muscles of the mouth
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Vaccinators
Thin flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower job that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips
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Capillaries
Tiny thin walled blood vessels that connects the smaller arteries to the veins capillaries bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials
30
Cardiac muscle
The involuntary muscle that is the heart this type of muscle is not found in any other part of the body
31
Carpus
Also known as wrist joint composed of eight small irregular bones couples held together by ligament
32
Catabolism
The phase of metabolism that most breaking down complex compounds within the cells and two smaller ones often resulting in the release of energy to perform functions such as muscular effort secretions or digestion
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Cell membrane
Part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to leave enter and leave the cell
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Cells
Basic unit of all living things minute mass of protoplasm capable of performing all the fundamental functions of life
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Central nervous system
Cerebrospinal nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord spinal nerves and cranial nerves
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Cerebellum
Life at the base of the cerebrum and is attached to the brainstem this term is Latin for little brain
37
Cervicalcutaneous nerve
Nerve located at the side of the neck that affects the front and sides of the neck as far down as the breastbone
38
Cervical nerves
Nerves that originally at the spinal cord who's branches by the muscles and scalp at the back of the head and neck affect the side of the neck and the platysma muscle
39
Cervical vertebrae
The seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column located in the neck region
40
Circulatory system
Also known as cardiovascular system or vascular system system that controls the study circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels
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Clavicle
Also known as collarbone joining the sternum and scapula
42
Common carotid arteries
Arteries that supply blood to the face head and neck.
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Connective tissue
Fibrous tissue that binds together protects and supports the various parts of the body such as bone cartilage and tendons examples of connective tissue and bone, cartilage,ligaments,tendons, blood, lymph and fat.
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Corrugator muscle
Facial muscle that draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the bar had vertically
45
Cranium
Well bony case that protects the brain
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Cytoplasm
All the protoplasm of a cell that which is in the nucleus the watery fluid containing the food material necessary for cell growth through reproduction and self repair
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Defecation
Elimination of feces from the body
48
Deltoid
Large triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm text and outward into the side of the body
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Dendrites
Tree like branching of nerve fibers extending from a nerve cell certain or fibers that carry impulses toward the cell and receive impulses from other neurons
50
Deoxyribonucleoc acid
I previewed a DNA the blueprint material of genetic information contains all the information that controls the function of every living cell
51
Depressor anguli Otis
Also known as triangular muscle muscle extending alongside the tin that post down the corner of the mouth
52
Depressor Labii inferioris
inferioria muscles surrounding the lower lip that depresses the lower lip and draws it to one side
53
Diaphragm
Muscular wall that separates the garage in the abdominal region and helps control breathing
54
Diencephalon
Located in the uppermost part of the midbrain consist of two main parts of the thalamus and the hypothalamus
55
Digestion
Breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means
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Digestive enzymes
Chemicals that change certain kinds of food into a form that can be used by the body
57
Digestive system
Also called the gastrointestinal system responsible for changing the food into nutrients and waste consist of the mouth stomach intestines salivary and gastric glands and other organs
58
Digital nerve
Sensory motor nerve but it's branches supplies impulses to the fingers
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11 cranial nerve
Also known as accessory nerve a motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and shoulder muscles
60
Endocrine glands
Also known as ductless glands release secretions called hormones directly into the bloodstream which in turn influence is the welfare of the entire body
61
Endocrine system
Group of specialized grams that affect the growth development sexual activities and health of the entire body
62
Cranial app neurosis
Tendon connecting the occipital and frontalis
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Epicardium
Also known as occipital fun tell us the proper muscle that covers the top of the screen consist of the occipital and Frontalis
64
Epithelial tissue
Protective covering on body surfaces such as the skin mucous membranes and lining of the heart digestive and respiratory organs and glands
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Ethmoid bone
Light spongy bone between the eyesockets that forms part of the nasal cavities
66
Excretory system
Group of organs including the kidneys liver skin large intestines and lungs that purify the body by elimination of waste matter
67
Exhalation
Putting out word expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs
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Exocrine glands
Also known as Duct glands produce a substance that travels through small tube like ducts sweat and oil glands of the skin belong to this group
69
Extensors
Muscles that straight in the wrist hand and finger to form a straight line
70
External carotid artery
Artery that supplies blood to the anterior part of the scalp your face neck inside of the head
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External jugular vein
Main located on the side of the neck that carries blood returning to the heart from the head face and neck
72
Facial artery
Also known as extra no maxillary artery supplies blood to the lower region of the face mouth and nose
73
Fifth cranial nerve
Also known as trifacial or trigeminal nerve it is the chief sensory nerve of the face and it serves as the motor nerve of the muscles that control chewing it consists of three branches
74
Flexors
Extensor muscle of the rest involved in flexing the wrist
75
Frontal artery
Artery that supplies blood to the fore head and upper eyelids
76
Frontal bone
Bone forming the forehead
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Frontalis
Front portion of the epicranius muscle of the scalp that raises the eyebrows forward and causes wrinkles across the forehead
78
Glands
Specialized organs that remove certain elements on the blood to convert them into new compounds
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Greater aricular nerve
Nerve at the side of the neck affecting the face ears neck and parotid gland
80
Greater Occipital nerve
Okay did in the back of the head scalp as far as the top of the head
81
Heart
Muscular cone shaped organ that keeps the blood moving within the circulatory system
82
Hemoglobin
Iron containing protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen
83
Histology
Also known as microscopic anatomy the study of the structure and composition of tissue
84
Hormones
Secretions produced by one of the endocrine glands and carried by the bloodstream or body fluid to another part of the body or a body organ to stimulate functional activity or secretion such as insulin adrenaline and estrogen
85
Humerus
Open most and largest bone in the arm extending from the shoulders
86
Hyoid bone
You shaped bone at the base of the tongue of the supports the tongue and it's muscles
87
Inferior labial artery
Supplies blood to the lower lip
88
Infra orbital artery
Artery that originates from the internal maxillary artery and supplies blood to the Eye muscles
89
Infratrochlear nerve
No fax the membrane and skin of the nose
90
Ingestion
Eating or taking food into the body
91
Inhalation
Breathing in through the nose or mouth and that's oxygen is absorbed by the blood
92
Insertion
Point where the skeletal muscle is attached to a bone or other more movable body part
93
Integumentary system
The skin and it's accessory organs such as the oil and sweat glands sensory receptors hair and nails
94
Internal carotid artery
Artery that supplies blood to the brain eyes eyelids for head nose and internal ear
95
Internal jugular vein
Vein located at the side of the neck to collect blood in the brain and parts of the face and neck
96
Interstitial fluid
Good because my found in the spaces between tissue
97
Joint
Connection between two or more bones of the skeleton
98
Kidneys
One of the organs which supports the Excretory system by eliminating water and waste products
99
Lacrimal bones
Small then bones located in the anterior medial wall of the orbits
100
Lateral pterygoid
Muscles that coordinate with the mass setter temporalis and medial pterygoid muscles to open and close them out and bring the dock forward sometimes referred to as chewing muscles
101
Latissimus dorsi
Large flat triangular muscle covering the lower back
102
Lavator Anguli Otis
Is a muscle that raises the angle of the mouth and it draws it inward
103
Levator Labii superiors
Also known as Quadratu Labii superiors muscles surrounding the upper lip that elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils as in expressing distaste
104
Liver
One of the organs which supports the excretory system by removing toxic waste products of digestion
105
Lungs
Spongy tissue is composed of microscopic cells in which inhaled air is exchanged for carbon dioxide during one respiratory cycle
106
Lymph
Clear yellowish fluid that circulates in the lymph spaces of the body carries waste and impurities away from the cells
107
Lymph capillaries
Lymphatic vessels that occur in clusters and are distributed throughout most of the body
108
Lymph nodes
Gland like structures found inside lymphatic vessels filter the lymphatic vessels and help fight infection
109
Lymphatic or immune system
Vital to the circulatory and today I mean system made up of limp limp nodes the finest gland the spleen and liver vessels that act as an aid to the blood system the lymphatic and immune system are closely connected in that they protect the body from disease by developing them unities and destroying disease causing micro organisms
110
Mandible
Lower jaw bone largest and strongest bone of the face
111
Mandibular nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the muscles and skin of the lower part of the face also know that affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip
112
Masseter
One of the muscles that cordinate with the temporalismedial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles to open and close the mouth and bring the job forward sometimes referred to as chewing muscles
113
Maxillary bones
Form the upper jaw
114
Maxillary nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the upper part of the face
115
Medial pterygoid
One of the muscles that cordon eight with the masseter temporalis and lateral pterygoid muscles to open and close them out and bring the jaw forward sometimes referred to as chewing muscles
116
Median nerve
Nerve smaller than the owner and radial nerve that supplies the arm and hand
117
Melasma
Also referred to as pregnancy mask skin condition that is triggered by hormones that causes darker pigmentation in areas such as on the upper lip and around the eyes and cheeks
118
Mental nerve
Nerve that affects the skin of the lower lip and chin
119
Mentalis
Muscles the elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin
120
Metabolism
Chemical process taking place in living organisms whereby the cells are nearest and carry out their activities the process of changing food into forms the body can use as energy metabolism consist of two parts anabolism and catabolism
121
Metacarpus
Also known as palm consist of five long slender bones called metacarpal bones
122
Middle temporal artery
Artery that supplies blood to the temples
123
Mitosis
Cells dividing into two new cells the usual process of cell reproduction and human tissues
124
Mitral valve
Also known as bicuspid valve valve and which from the left atrium the blood flows through into the left ventricle
125
Motor nerves
Also known as efferent nerves carry impulses from the brain to the muscles or glands these transmitted impulses produce movement
126
Muscular system
Buddy system that covers shapes and supports the skeleton tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body
127
Muscle tissue
Tissue that contracts and moves various parts the body
128
Myology
Study of the nature structure function and disease of the muscles
129
Nasal bones
Bones that form the bridge of the nose
130
Nasal nerve
Nerve that affects the point and lower side of the nose
131
Nasalis muscle
Two part muscle which covers the nose
132
Nerve tissue
To that controls and coordinates all body functions
133
Nerves
Whitish cards made up of bundles of nerve fibers how together by connective tissue through which impulses are transmitted
134
Nervous system
Buddy system composed of the brain spinal cord and nerves controls and coordinates all other systems and makes them work harmoniously and efficiently
135
Neurology
The scientific study of the structure and function and pathology of the nervous system
136
Neuron or nerve cell
The basic unit of the nervous system consisting of a cell body nucleus dendrites and axon
137
Nonstriated muscles
Also known as involuntary muscle or smooth muscle function automatically without conscious will
138
Nucleoplasm
Fluid within the nucleus of the cell that contains proteins and DNA determines our genetic makeup
139
Nucleus
The central part for one in histology indents active put a possum found in the center of a eukaryotic sell the genetic control center it plays an important role in cell reproduction and Matt metabolism in chemistry the center of the Atom where protons and neutrons are located
140
Occipital artery
Artery that supplies blood to the skin and muscles of the scalp and back of the head up to the crown
141
Occipital bone
Hind most bone of the skull below the perietal bones forms the back of the skull above the nape
142
Occipitalis
Back up at the epicranius muscle that draws the scalp awkward
143
Ophthalmic nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies the skin of the four head upper eyelids and info. Portion of the scalp orbit eyeball and nasal passage
144
Orbicularis oculi
Ring muscle of the eye socket, closes the eyelid
145
Orbicularis Otis
And around the upper and lower lips that compresses contracts puckers and wrinkles the lips
146
Organelle
Small structures or miniature organs with in a cell that have their own function
147
Organs
Structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions and plants and animals
148
Origin
Part of the muscle that does not move it is attached to the skeleton and is used usually part of the skeletal muscle
149
OS
Means phone and is used as a prefix and many medical terms such as ostial arthritis and joint disease
150
Osteology
Study of anatomy structure and function of the bones
151
Ovaries
Function in sexual reproduction as well as determining male and female sexual characteristics
152
Palatine bones
Two bones that form the hard palate at the mouth
153
Pancreas
Secretes enzymes producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates proteins and fats the islet of Langerhans cells within the pancreas control insulin and glucagon production
154
Parasympathetic division
Part of the autonomic nervous system and operates under normal non-stressful situations such as resting it also helps to restore, and balance to the body after a stressful event
155
Parathyroid gland
Regulate blood calcium and phosphorus level so that the nervous and muscular systems can function properly
156
Parietal artery
Artery that supplies blood to the side and crown of the head
157
Perietal bones
Bones that form the sides and the top of the cranium
158
Pectoralis major and minor
Muscles of the chest that assist the swinging movement of the arm
159
Pericardium
Double layered membranous sack enclosing the heart made of epithelial tissue
160
Peripheral nervous system
Abbreviated P and S system of nerves and ganglia that connects the periphery of parts of the body to the central nervous system has both sensory and motor nerves
161
Peristalsis
Moving forward along the digestive track
162
Phalanges
Also known as digits are the bones in the fingers three and eating her and two in each time totaling 14 bones
163
Physiology
Study of the functions or activities performed by the body structures
164
Pineal gland
The gland located in the brain plays a major role in the sexual development sleep and metabolism
165
Pituitary gland
Glenn found in the center of the head the most complex organ of the Endocrine system it affects almost every theologic process of the body growth blood pressure contractions during childbirth breastmilk production sexual organ function in both women and men thyroid gland function and the conversion of food into energy
166
Plasma
Fluid part of the body and limp but carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells
167
Platelets
Also known as thrombocytes much smaller than red blood cells contribute to the blood clotting process which stops bleeding
168
Platysma
Got muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the channel responsible for depressing the lower jaw and lip
169
Posterior articular artery
Artery that supplies blood to the scalp behind and above the ear
170
Posterior aricular nerve
No affects the muscles behind the ear at the base of the skull
171
Proceeds
Muscle that covers the bridge of the nose depresses the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose
172
Pronators
Muscles that are in the hand in word so that the palm faces downward
173
Protoplasm
Colorless jelly like substance in cells containing food elements such as protein fats carbohydrates mineral salt and water
174
Pulmonary circulation
Since the blood from the heart to the lungs to be purified and back to the heart again
175
Radial artery
Artery along the numerous branches that supplies blood to the thumb side of the arm and the back of the hand supplies the muscles of the skin hands fingers wrist elbow and forearm
176
Radial nerve
Nerve that with its branches supplies for the palm side of the arm and back of the hand
177
Radius
Smaller bone in the form on the same side as the thumb
178
Red blood cells
Also known as read corpuscles or if there are sites produced in the red bone marrow blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells and transport carbon dioxide from the cells back the Lungs
179
Reflex
Automatic reaction to the stimulus that involves the movement of an impulse from a sensory receptor along the sensory nerve to the spinal cord a response impulse is sent along a motor neuron to the muscle causing a reaction for example the quick removal of the hand from a hot object reflexes do not have to be learned they are automatic
180
Reproductive system
Buddy system that includes the ovaries uterine tubes uterus and vagina in the female and testes prostate gland penis and urethra in the mail this system performs the function of producing offspring and passing on the genetic code from one generation to another
181
Respiration
Process of inhaling and exhaling the act of breathing the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the lungs and with in each cell
182
Respiratory system
Body system consisting of the lungs and air passages enables breathing with supplies the body with oxygen and aluminates carbon dioxide as a waste product
183
Ribs
There's a bones forming the wall of the thorax
184
Risorius
Muscle of the mouth but draws the corner of the mouth out and back I was in grinning
185
Scapula
Also known as shoulder blade one of the pair of the large flat triangular bone of the shoulder
186
Sensory nerves
Also known as a ferret nerves carry impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain where sensations such as touch called heat site hearing taste smell pain and pressure are experienced sensory nerve endings called receptors are located close to the surface of the skin
187
Serratus anterior
Muscle of the chest that assistant breathing and in raising the arm
188
Seventh cranial nerve
Also known as facial nerve it is the chief motor nerve of the face it emerges near the lower part of that you're in extends to the muscles of the neck
189
Skeletal system
Physical condition of the body composed of the bones and movable and in immovable joints
190
Skin
Extertal protective coating that covers the body the body's largest organ ask as a barrier to protect the body system from the outside element
191
Smaller occipital nerve
Also known as lesser ossicle nerve located at the base of the school affects the scalp and muscles behind the ear
192
Sphenoid bone
Phone that joints all the bones of the cranium together
193
Spinal cord
Portion of the central nervous system that originates in the brain extends down to the lower extremity of the trunk and is protected by the spinal column
194
Sterno Cleo mastoid
Muscles of the neck that depresses and rotates the head
195
Sternum
also known as breast bone flap on the forms the Ventral support of the ribs
196
Striated muscles
Also known as skeletal or voluntary muscles attached to the bones and make up a large percentage of body mass controlled by the will
197
Sub mental artery
Artery that supplies blood to the chin and lower lip
198
Superficial temporal artery
The continuation of the external carotid nerve artery artery that supplies blood to the muscles of the front side and top of the head
199
Superior labial artery
Are they the supplies blood to the upper lip and region of the nose
200
Supinator
Muscle of the form that rotates the radius outward and the palm upward
201
Super orbital artery
Artery that supplies blood to the upper eyelid and four head
202
Supra orbital nerve
Nerve that affects the skin of the four head scalp eyebrow and upper eyelid
203
Super trochlear nerve
Nerve that effects the skin between the eyes and the side of the nose
204
Sympathetic nerve
Part of the autonomic nervous system stimulates for speeds up activity and prepares the body for stressful situations such as in running from a dangerous situation or competing in a sports event
205
Systemic or general circulation
Circulation of blood from the heart throughout the body and back again to the heart
206
Temporal bones
Bones forming the sides of the head in the ear region
207
Temporalis muscle
Temporal muscle one of the muscles involved in mastication or chewing
208
Tested
Mail organs which is the male hormone testosterone
209
Thorax
Also known as chest or pulmonary trunk consist of the sternum ribs and boracic vertebrae elastic building cage that serves as a protective framework for the heart lungs and other internal organs
210
Thyroid gland
Glad located in the neck shows how quickly the body burns energy makes proteins and how sensitive the body should be two other hormones
211
Tibial nerve
Division of the sciatic nerve passes behind then the subdivides and supplies impulses to the knee the muscle of the calf the skin of the leg and the soul heal and underside of the toes
212
Tissue
Collection of similar cells that perform a particular function
213
Transverse facial artery
Artery that supplies blood to the skin and the mastered
214
Trapezius
Muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back stabilizes the scapula and shrugs shoulders
215
Triceps
Large muscle that covers the entire back of the upper arm and extends to the forearm
216
Tricuspid valve
The heart valve that prevents backflow between the right atrium and the right ventricle
217
Turbinal bones
Thin layers of spongy bone on either of the outer walls of the nasal depression
218
Ulna
Inner and larger bone of the form attached to the rest on the side of the little finger
219
Ulnar artery
Artery that supplies blood to the muscle of the little finger side of the arm and palm of the hand
220
Ulnar nerve
Sensory motor nerve that it's branches affects the little finger side of the arm and palm of the hand
221
Valves
Structures that temporarily close the passage or flow in one direction only
222
Vascular system
Buddy system consisting of the heart arteries veins and capillaries for the distribution of blood throughout the body
223
Veins
Thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic then arteries they can cuplike valves to prevent backflow and carry impure blood from the various capillaries back to the heart and lungs
224
Ventricle
I thick-walled lower chamber of the heart that receives blood pumped from the atrium there is a right ventricle and a left ventricle
225
Venules
Small vessels that connects the capillaries to the veins they collect blood from the capillaries and drain it into the veins
226
Vomer bone
Frat then bone that forms part of the nasal septum
227
White blood cells
Also known as white corpuscles or leukocytes perform the function of destroying disease causing germs
228
Zygomatic bones
Also known as mailer bones or cheek bones bones that form the prominence of the cheeks and cheekbones
229
Zygomatic nerve
Nerve that affects the skin of the temple side of the bar had an upper part of the cheek
230
Zygomaticus major and minor
Muscles on both sides of the face that extend from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth these muscles elevate the leg pull the mouth upward and backward as when you were laughing or smiling
