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chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

what do the following symbols mean?
(s)
(L)
(g)
(aq)

A

solid
liquid
gas
soluble

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2
Q

what is precipitate

A

a substance that is insoluble

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3
Q

what is an ion

A

a atom with a positive or negative charge

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4
Q

what is neutralisation

A

when an acid and a base react to produce water and a salt

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5
Q

what ions do acids form when dissolved in water

A

H+ hydrogen

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6
Q

what ions do alkalis form when dissolved in water

A

OH- hydroxide

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7
Q

what numbers on the ph scale are acidic

A

1-6

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8
Q

what numbers on the ph scale are alkali

A

8-14

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9
Q

what number on the ph scale is neutral

A

7

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10
Q

what is a base that is soluble in water

A

an alkali

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11
Q

what is an indicator

A

a substance that changes colour when added to a acid or alkali

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12
Q

what is HASH2O

A

hydroxide + acid -> ___ + salt and water
e.g. beryllium hydroxide + nitric acid –> beryllium nitrate + h2o

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13
Q

soluble

A

something that can dissolve

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14
Q

insoluble

A

something that cant dissolve

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15
Q

solvent

A

the liquid in which a solute dissolves to make a solution

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16
Q

dissolve

A

when a substance disolves into a solution. Chemically bonds

17
Q

what does a titration do

A

can be used to make a neutral solution by adding the correct volumes of acids with alkali

18
Q

what does hydrochloride acid form

A

chlorides

19
Q

what does nitric form

A

nitrate

20
Q

what does sulphuric form

A

sulfates

21
Q

what is a base

A

a substance that reacts with an acid and neutralises them to form salt and water only

22
Q

filtration

A

used for separating insoluble substances from a liquid

23
Q

crystallisation

A

separates a liquid from a soluble solid

24
Q

chromatography

A

used to separate solutions where there is more than one solute

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