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biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

sexual reproduction

A

when a sperm and egg cell fuse together to create a zygote

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2
Q

asexual reproduction

A

only requires one parent and is when a parent cell splits to create a clone of its origanal form

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3
Q

meiosis

A

the process of cell division that produces gametes

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4
Q

phenotype

A

physical characteristics of an organism

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5
Q

genotype

A

combination of genetics

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6
Q

DNA

A

the instructions for an organism found in code in a molecule

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7
Q

zygote

A

fertilised egg cell

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8
Q

genome

A

DNA of an organism

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8
Q

gametes

A

sex cell

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9
Q

genes

A

a section of DNA that codes to make proteins

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10
Q

diploid

A

contains 2 sets of chromosomes-46- 2n

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11
Q

haploid

A

contains 1 set of chromosomes-23- n

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12
Q

fertilisation

A

two gametes fused together

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13
Q

polymer

A

a repeating unit
e.g. DNA

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14
Q

3 aspects of a nucleotide

A

phosphate group
base
ribobase structure

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15
Q

what do nucleotide structures join together to create

A

DNA double helix structure

16
Q

what bonds form between nucleotide bases

A

weak hydrogen bonds

17
Q

what are the DNA bases and what pairs with what

A

AT GC

18
Q

allele

A

another version of a gene

19
Q

homozygous

A

two of the same alleles

20
Q

heterozygous

A

two different alleles

21
Q

dominant allele

A

always exprssed in the phenotype

22
Q

ressesive allele

A

only expressed in the phenotype if theres no domminant allele

23
Q

mutation

A

a change in the sequence of DNA

24
Q

genetic disorder

A

a disease caused by a mutation

25
Q

albinism

A

a genetic mutation that effects the amount of melenin in a human body

26
Q

mitosis

A

A type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells.
When a zygot forms a ball of cells

27
Q
A

science (9 decks)

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