Chemistry

Question 1

__ forms when atoms bond to each other by covalent bonds

Answer 1

Molecules

Question 2

___ form when an atom gains or loses electrons to become stable

Answer 2

Ions

Question 3

The number of protons plus the number of neutrons

Answer 3

Mass number

Question 4

No energy required to move molecules and ions in and out of the cell

Answer 4

Passive Transport

Question 5

Blood Ph levels

Answer 5

7.35-7.45

Question 6

Chemicals that keep body’s fluid levels normal

Answer 6

Electrolytes, potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Chloride (Cl), Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P)

Question 7

No charge in the nucleus

Answer 7

Neutrons

Question 8

Energy required to move molecules and ions in and out of a cell

Answer 8

Active Transport

Question 9

Number of protons in the nucleus

Answer 9

Atomic Number

Question 10

Form when atoms of different elements bond

Answer 10

Compound

Question 11

Negative charge in atom surrounding the nucleus

Answer 11

Electrons

Question 12

Surrounds and destroys foreign substances and dead cells

Answer 12

Phagocytosis

Question 13

Positive charge in the nucleus

Answer 13

Protons

Question 14

Positive ion

Answer 14

Cation

Question 15

When positive and negative ions attract each other

Answer 15

Ionic bond

Question 16

Substance that break apart into charged molecules called ions when dissolved in water or other body parts

Answer 16

Electrolytes

Question 17

What are the function of proteins?

Answer 17

• Keratin & Collagen
• Hormones
• Actin & Myosin
• Antibodies
• Enzymes

Question 18

The sharing of electrons between atoms

Answer 18

Covalent bonds

Question 19

Variations of one type of atom that differ in the number of neutrons, protons does not change

Answer 19

Isotopes

Question 20

What are DNA molecules made up of?

Answer 20

Nucleotides

Question 21

Small unit of an element

Answer 21

Atoms

Question 22

Affects shape of an enzyme

Answer 22

• Temperature change
• Ph levels
• The presence of certain chemicals

Question 23

Negative ion

Answer 23

Anion

Question 24

Eliminates water from membranes

Answer 24

Dehydration

Question 25

Speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy

Answer 25

Enzymes

Question 26

Unstable isotopes that breakdown over time

Answer 26

Radioactive Isotopes

Question 27

Act as an energy source, help control blood glucose, and insulin metabolism

Answer 27

Carbohydrates

Question 28

Help with moving and storing energy, absorbing vitamins and making hormones

Answer 28

Lipids

Question 29

Result when there is an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms.

Answer 29

Polar Covalent Bonds

Question 30

Result from equal attraction for shared electrons

Answer 30

Nonpolar Covalent Bonds

Question 31

Measurement for the number of atoms or molecules of a compound

Answer 31

Mole

Question 32

Do not contain carbon atoms

Answer 32

Inorganic Molecules

Question 33

Do contain carbon

Answer 33

Organic Molecules

Question 34

___ have negative and positive ends

Answer 34

Polar Molecule

Question 35

Covalently bonded ___ has a slight positive charge and is attracted to a slightly negatively charged atom nearby

Answer 35

Hydrogen Bond

Question 36

Substances that either take up hydrogen ions or realease hydroxide ions

Answer 36

Bases

Question 37

To link monomers into polymers, the cell uses a ___

Answer 37

Dehydration reaction

Question 38

Ions and molecules that are water-soluble are said to be ___

Answer 38

Hydrophilic

Question 39

Molecules that do not interact with water are said to be ___

Answer 39

Hydrophobic

Question 40

To break up macromolecules, the cell reverses dehydration, using a ___ (Splitting the water)

Answer 40

Hydrolysis reaction

Question 41

Two or more reactants combine to form a larger complex product

Answer 41

Synthesis reactions

Question 42

Primary energy carrier in cells

Answer 42

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 43

Bases in DNA

Answer 43

A- adenine T- thymine G- guanine C- cytosine

Question 44

Fats and oils are often called ___

Answer 44

Triglycerides