Chemistry

Question 1

Filtration

Answer 1

process used to remove solid particles or substances from a liquid or gas by passing the mixture through a porous material, often called a filter.

Question 2

Dissolution

Answer 2

process of a solid substance becoming incorporated into a liquid, forming a homogeneous solution.

Question 3

Crystallization

Answer 3

solid material forms from a liquid or gas when the particles come together in an orderly, repeating pattern. It involves cooling a solution or vapor, causing the atoms, ions, or molecules to arrange themselves into a structured, three-dimensional lattice

Question 4

Evaporation/Distillation

Answer 4

to separate components of a liquid mixture based on differences in their boiling points.

Question 5

Paper Chromatography

Answer 5

allowing a liquid mixture to travel up a strip of special paper. As the liquid moves up, it separates into its individual parts, showing distinct, colorful bands.

Question 6

Nitrate

Answer 6

NO3 -

Question 7

Sulfate

Answer 7

SO4 2-

Question 8

Phosphate

Answer 8

PO4 3-

Question 9

Hydroxide

Answer 9

OH -

Question 10

Oxide

Answer 10

O 2-

Question 11

hydrogencarbonate

Answer 11

HCO3 -

Question 12

Carbonate

Answer 12

CO3 2-

Question 13

Ammonium

Answer 13

NH4 +

Question 14

Good electrical conductivity

Answer 14

Delocalized electrons are highly mobile - can move through the metal structure in response to an applied voltage

Question 15

Good thermal conductivity

Answer 15

delocalized electrons and closely packed ions enable efficient transfer of thermal energy

Question 16

malleability/ductility

Answer 16

the movement of delocalized electrons is non-directional/random through the cation lattice, so the metallic bond remains intact while the conformation changes under applied pressure.

Question 17

High melting points

Answer 17

a lot of energy is required to overcome the strong electrostatic forces of attraction in the metallic bond and separate the atoms

Question 18

Shiny/lustrous appearance

Answer 18

delocalized electrons in metal crystal structure reflect light

Question 19

metallic bond

Answer 19

the electrostatic attraction between a lattice of cations and delocalized electrons