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BIO170 > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Element

A

fundamental building blocks for everything, can’t be broken down or converted

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2
Q

Trace Elements

A

make up <.01% of body but are essential for bodily functions

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3
Q

Compound

A

two or more different elements in a defined ratio

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4
Q

Atoms

A

smallest unit of structure, made of protons, neutrons, and electrons

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5
Q

Proton

A

positive charge, half of nucleus

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6
Q

Neutron

A

no charge, half of nucleus

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7
Q

Electron

A

negative charge, orbit nucleus

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8
Q

Atomic Number

A

number of protons, half of weight of atom

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9
Q

Shell

A

ring of electron surrounding nucleus

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10
Q

Valence Electron

A

electrons on outermost shell, highest energy

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11
Q

Stable

A

full valence electron shell

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12
Q

Electronegativity

A

how strong a nucleus attracts/holds electrons

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13
Q

Chemical Reaction

A

atoms interact, share, release, or steal electrons to gain stability

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14
Q

Chemical Bonds

A

interaction of valence electron cause attraction that hold atoms together

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15
Q

Covalent Bond

A

strong, share electrons to complete valence shell

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16
Q

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

A

symmetrical charge throughout atoms, hydrophobic

17
Q

Polar Covalent Bond

A

asymmetrical charge throughout atoms, hydrophilic

18
Q

Hydrogen Bond

A

positive end of polar covalent bond bonds with negative end of another polar covalent bond

19
Q

Ionic Bond

A

one atom pulls electron form outer shell of other atom, 2 ions bonded together

20
Q

Ion

A

atom with different number of electrons and protons

21
Q

Cation

A

positively charged ion

22
Q

Anion

A

negatively charged ion

23
Q

van der Waals Interaction

A

attraction when atoms are really close together

24
Q

Molecule

A

two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

25
Q

Energy

A

the capacity to move against an opposing force

26
Q

Potential Energy

A

stored energy

27
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

moving energy

BIO170 (12 decks)

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