Carbon

Question 1

Carbon

Answer 1

6 protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 2

Isotope

Answer 2

same element with different number of neutrons

Question 3

Hydrocarbon

Answer 3

carbon skeleton made of carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 4

Structural (Constitutive) Isomer

Answer 4

same molecular formula but different structure

Question 5

Configurational Isomer

Answer 5

same bonds but different arrangement

Question 6

Geometric Isomer

Answer 6

configurational, different structure on other side of C=C

Question 7

cis Isomer

Answer 7

geometric isomer, sides of C=C are symmetrical

Question 8

trans Isomer

Answer 8

geometric isomer, sides of C=C are not symmetrical

Question 9

Optical Isomer (Enantiomer)

Answer 9

mirrored orientation of asymmetric carbon molecule, only applicable if covalently bonded with 4 different structures

Question 10

Functional Groups

Answer 10

substitute for hydrogen atoms, increase diversity of organic molecules

Question 11

-O-H

Answer 11

hydroxyl group

Question 12

> C=O

Answer 12

carbonyl group

Question 13

> C=O on edge of compound

Answer 13

aldehyde, carbonyl group

Question 14

> C=O in middle of compound

Answer 14

ketone, carbonyl group

Question 15

OH-C=O

Answer 15

carboxyl group

Question 16

-NH2

Answer 16

amino group

Question 17

-SH

Answer 17

sulfhydryl group

Question 18

-O4P

Answer 18

phosphate group

Question 19

-CH3

Answer 19

methyl group