Chemistry

Question 1

What is a protien?

Answer 1

A large molecule consisting of many amino acids.

Amino acids are the smallest building block of a protein.

A couple of amino acids linked together form a - ‘peptide’.

Several more linked together form a ‘polypeptide’.

Even more form a ‘protein’. Protein molecules consist largley of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O) & nitrogen (N).

Question 2

What are ‘Lipids’?

Answer 2

Lipids consist of fats and oils, compfised of the molecule ‘glycerol’, with some fatty acids linked into it.

Used to stire energy in the body, also used to cushion/protect internal organs.

Eg. Cholesterol is a lipid, which is necessary for bodily functions such as the production of hormones.

Question 3

What are ‘Carbohydrates’?

Answer 3

The smallest Monosaccharide or ‘simple sugars’, with the main one of interest being ‘glucose’, dissacharides etc.

Carbohydrates largley consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 4

What are ‘Nucleic Acids’?

Answer 4

Another catagory if molecule in the body, which form our genetic information. Eg. DNA and RNA.

These molecules store genetic information, whereby DNA carries the code & RNA carries a copy of the code for ‘when’ it needs to be replicated.

Main elements are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus. These elements are organised into molecules that link together to form a double helix.

Question 5

What is an ‘element’?

Answer 5

A substance that cannot be broken down further. The main elements if thr body are:

H - Hydrogen
O - Oxygen
N - Nitrogen
C - Carbon

Question 6

Normal atmospheric pressure is…?

Answer 6

760mmHg.

The differences between atmospheric pressure and pressure within the respiratory system assist in moving air in and out of the lungs.