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chemistry > chemical tests + gasses in the atmosphere > Flashcards

chemical tests + gasses in the atmosphere Flashcards

1
Q

how do you test for lithium?

A

place the nichrome wire with the solution into a non-luminous flame, if lithium is present it will burn red

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2
Q

how do you test for sodium?

A

place the nichrome wire with the solution into a non-luminous flame, if sodium is present it will burn yellow/orange

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3
Q

how do you test for potassium?

A

place the nichrome wire with the solution into a non-luminous flame, if potassium is present it will burn lilac

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4
Q

how do you test for calcium?

A

place the nichrome wire with the solution into a non-luminous flame, if calcium is present it will burn orange/red

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5
Q

how do you test for copper?

A

place the nichrome wire with the solution into a non-luminous flame, if copper is present it will burn blue/green

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6
Q

how do you test for cations

A

you add an alkali such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to the solution.

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7
Q

what is the result of testing for NH4?

A

ammonia gas produced

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8
Q

what is the result of testing for Cu ^2+?

A

blue precipitate of Cu(OH)2

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9
Q

what is the result of testing for Fe^2+

A

green precipitate of Fe(OH)2

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10
Q

what is the result of testing for Fe^3+

A

brown precipitate of Fe(OH)3

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11
Q

what is the chemical test for water?

A

you add anhydrous copper sulfate. which is a white powder.

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12
Q

if water is present in the chemical test for water, what happens?

A

the anhydrous copper sulfate becomes hydrated copper sulfate which are bright blue crystals

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13
Q

how do you test for hydrogen?

A

when a lit splint will burn with a squeaky pop

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14
Q

how do you test for oxygen?

A

a glowing splint relights

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15
Q

how do you test for carbon dioxide?

A

turns limewater milky

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16
Q

how do you test for ammonia?

A

turns damp red litmus paper blue

17
Q

how do you test for chlorine?

A

turns damp blue litmus paper red before bleaching it white

18
Q

how do you test for anions and why?

A

you test for halide ions using dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate. this is to remove carbonate / sulfate ions that would result in a false positive

19
Q

how do you test for Cl- and what is the result?

A

you use silver nitrate and a white precipitate of AgCl is formed

20
Q

how do you test for Br- and what is the result?

A

you use silver nitrate and a cream precipitate of AgBr is formed

21
Q

how do you test for I- and what is the result?

A

you use silver nitrate and a yellow precipitate of AgI is formed

22
Q

how do you test for Co3^2- and what is the result?

A

add hydrochloric acid and CO2 is produced

23
Q

how do you test for SO4^-2

A

add barium chloride, a white precipitate of BaSO4 is produced

chemistry (11 decks)

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