1f - ionic bonding Flashcards
what is an ion?
An ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of electrons
True or false?
ions form to obtain a full outer shell of electrons
True
Are onions positive or negative ions
Anions on negative ions
How are anions formed
Anions are formed when atoms again elections
True or false
cations are formed by ions losing electrons
False
do metals lose or gain electrons to other atoms?
metals lose electrons to other atoms.
why do non-metals gain electrons?
to obtain a full outer shell of electrons.
what type of ion do metals usually form?
metals usually form cations/positive ions
give two reasons why cations are positively charged.
- they lose electrons
- they have more protons than electrons
what is the charge of a group 2 ion?
2+
true or false?
group 1 elements form 1+ ions.
true
what is the charge of a group 7 ion?
1-
true or false?
group 7 elements form 1+ ions
false.
group 7 forms 1- ions
which group of the periodic table forms 3- ions?
group 5
how do you balance charges for ionic compounds?
multiply ions by numbers such that the SUM of charges is 0
what does a dot and cross diagram show?
the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions in an ionic bond.
what is formed when an atom loses an electron?
a positively charged ion/cation
what type of forces hold ionic compounds together?
strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
true or false?
ionic compounds have high melting points and boiling points.
true. this is because they have strong electrostatic forces holding the ions together.
what is the structure of ionic compounds called
a giant ionic lattice
are ionic compounds usually solid or liquid at room temp?
they are usually solid
what are electrostatic forces?
they are the attractive (or repulsive) forces between charged particles.
why are ionic compounds soluble in water?
because they are polar.
in an ionic lattice, what direction do the electrostatic forces act in?
they act in all directions
in an ionic solution, what moves to all electrical current flow
the movement of ions allows electrical current to flow.
describe the structure of a giant ionic lattice
it is a series of positively charged ions arranged in an alternating pattern.
