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chemical tests Flashcards

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1
Q

alkenes

A

shake with bromine water
goes from brown/orange to colorlessal

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2
Q

alcohol

A

PCl5
steamy fumes
acidified pottasium dichromate
orange to green

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3
Q

carboxylic acid

A

metal carbonate
effervescence

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4
Q

halogenoalkane

A

ethanol
silver nitrate
precipitate formed

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5
Q

halogen ions

A

nitric acid followed by silver nitrate
cl-white
br-cream
io-yellow
dilute ammonia
cl-colourless
br-no change
io-no change
conc amonia
cl-colourles
br-colourless
io-no change

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6
Q

ammonium ions

A

add sodium hydroxide and warm
ammonia gas is released
turns damp red litmus paper blue

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7
Q

ammonia

A

turns damp red litmust paper blue

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8
Q

sulphate ions

A

barium chloride or nitride
dilute nitric or hcl added
white precipitate formed

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9
Q

aldehydes and keytones

A

oxidation with fehlings, benidicts or tollens
+ve aldehyde
-ve ketone
fehlings blue -> red for aldehyde
-CuSo4 + tatrate ions
tollens - colourness -> silver mirror
-AgNO3 + NH3 (aq)
K2Cr2O7
orange –> green
2,4-DNPH
orange precipitate formed

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10
Q

carbonyl

A

2,4-DNPH
orange precipitate

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11
Q

carbonate

A

add hcl / acid
turns limewater cloudy-co2 produced
effervescence

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12
Q

ft lithium

A

red

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13
Q

ft sodium

A

yellow

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14
Q

ft pottasium

A

lilac

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15
Q

ft magnesium

A

bright white

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16
Q

ft calcium

A

brick red

17
Q

ft strontium

A

crimson

18
Q

ft barium

A

pale green

19
Q

distinguish between keytone and aldehyde

A

2,4-DNPH
formation of yellow precipitate
filter then recrystilise
melting temp determined
comparison of known values

20
Q

distingish between keytone 2 and keytone 3

A

iodoform test
iodine and sodium hydroxide
warm
2-one form yellow precipitate

21
Q

recrystilise

A

dissolve min hot solvent
filter
cool allow to crystilise
filter with buchner funnel
wash with minimum cold solvent
dry in warm oven

22
Q

sodium hydroxide
copper

A

light blue

23
Q

sodium hydroxide
iron2+
iron3+

A

2+-green - brown
3+ - red - brown

24
Q

sodium hydroxide
chromium

A

green

25
Q

sodium hydroxide
aliminium

A

white - colourless

26
Q

sodium hydroxide
zinc

A

white - colourless

27
Q

sodium hydroxide
calcium

A

white

28
Q
A

chemistry (25 decks)

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