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INORGANIC CHEM > Chemical tests > Flashcards

Chemical tests Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the test for Hydrogen gas?

A

Lit splint, and a squeaky pop.

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2
Q

How do you test for Oxygen gas?

A

A glowing splint that relights

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3
Q

What is the test for Chlorine gas?

A

Litmus paper - Damp litmus paper bleaches (turns white).

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4
Q

What is the test for Ammonia gas?

A

Litmus paper - Turns damp red litmus paper blue.

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5
Q

What is the test for Carbon Dioxide gas?

A

Limewater - goes from colourless to milky/white

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6
Q

Describe the procedure for a flame test

A
  • Use a clean Nichrome wire
  • heat it
  • dip in HCL
  • collect a small sample of the compound and observe the flame’s color.
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7
Q

What flame color indicates the presence of Lithium ions (Li+)?

A

Red Flame

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8
Q

What flame color indicates the presence of Sodium ions (Na+)?

A

Yellow Flame

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9
Q

Which cation produces a lilac flame in a flame test?

A

Potassium ions (K+).

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10
Q

What flame color indicates the presence of Copper(II) ions (Cu2+)?

A

Blue-green flame.

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11
Q

How do you test for Ammonium ions (NH4+)?

A

Using sodium hydroxide solution and heating it

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12
Q

What is the result of a hydroxide test for Copper(II) ions (Cu2+)?

A

Light blue precipitate formed.

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13
Q

What is the color of the precipitate formed in the hydroxide test for Iron(III) ions (Fe3+)?

A

Red-brown precipitate

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14
Q

How do you test for Carbonate ions (CO3 2-)?

A

Add dilute acid, observe effervescence, and test the released gas, which turns limewater milky.

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15
Q

What is the result of a chloride ion test using acidified silver nitrate solution?

A

White precipitate formed

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16
Q

How do you test for Sulfate ions (SO4 2-)?

A

Acidify with dilute nitric acid and add aqueous barium nitrate, resulting in a white precipitate.

17
Q

How can you physically test whether a sample of water is pure?

A

Check its boiling point; pure water should have a boiling point of exactly 100 degrees Celsius.

18
Q

Describe the test for the presence of water using anhydrous copper(II) sulfate.

A

Anhydrous copper(II) sulfate is white; when water is present, it turns blue.

19
Q

What effect do impurities generally have on the boiling point of a substance?

A

Impurities tend to raise the boiling point.

19
Q

What is the color of the flame in a flame test for Potassium ions (K+)?

A

Lilac

20
Q

What is the result for the presence of Bromide ions (Br-) using acidified silver nitrate solution?

A

Cream precipitate formed.

21
Q

Describe a chemical test to show that a substance contains ammonium ions

A
  • add sodium hydroxide solution and warm
  • Test ammonia with damp red litmus paper
  • Turns blue
22
Q

Describe a chemical test to show that a substance contains chloride ions

A
  • Add silver nitrate
  • Add dilute nitric acid
  • White precipitate forms
23
Q

Suggest what property of hydrogen makes it suitable for filling balloons

A

LOW DENSITY

24
Q

Suggest what property of helium that makes it more suitable than hydrogen for filling balloons

A

Non-flammable

25
Q

Identify the pungent-smelling gas given off and explain why the red litmus paper must be damp before it is used

A
  • Ammonia
  • because water is needed to form hydroxide ions
26
Q

Why is it important that the platinum wire is clean

A

Impurities may affect the colour

27
Q

Why is it important to use a non-luminous flame?

A

Color can easily be seen

28
Q

Why is a luminous Bunsen flame not suitable for carrying out a flame test?

A

It is difficult to see the color produced by the substance

29
Q

Why should the platinum wire be cleaned between each test?

A

To remove any substance that may affect the color

30
Q

How do you test for halide ions?

A
  • acidify using a few drops of dilute nitric acid, and then a few drops of silver nitrate solution. The following precipitates will be formed:
  • chloride ions give a white precipitate of silver chloride
  • bromide ions give a cream precipitate of silver bromide
  • iodide ions give a yellow precipitate of silver iodide

INORGANIC CHEM (8 decks)

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