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Chemistry IGCSE > Chemical testing > Flashcards

Chemical testing Flashcards

1
Q

Test and result for HYDROGEN

A
  • hold a burning splint over a burning tube with the gas in it
  • squeaky pop heard if hydrogen present
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2
Q

Test and result for OXYGEN

A
  • place a glowing splint into test tube of gas

- will relight if oxygen present

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3
Q

Test and result for CARBON DIOXIDE

A
  • bubble gas through limewater

- limewater turns cloudy

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4
Q

Test and result for AMMONIA

A
  • add sodium hydroxide solution
  • heat
  • test with damp litmus paper
    red litmus paper turns blue if ammonia present
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5
Q

Test and result for CHLORINE

A
  • place damp litmus paper into boiling tube of gas

- litmus paper is bleached and turns white

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6
Q

Describe how to carry out a flame test

A

Take a sample of the metal on a wire and put it in a flame, the flame will turn a specific colour, showing what metal it is

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7
Q

What is the flame colour of lithium

A

red

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8
Q

What is the flame colour of sodium

A

yellow

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9
Q

What is the flame colour of potassium

A

lilac

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10
Q

What is the flame colour of calcium

A

orange/red flame

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11
Q

What is the flame colour of copper

A

blue-green flame

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12
Q

How to test for cations using precipitation reactions

A
  • slowly add small amounts of sodium hydroxide solution and note what colour the precipitate formed is
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13
Q

Colour of precipitate of copper (II)

A

blue

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14
Q

Colour of precipitate of iron (II)

A

green

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15
Q

Colour of precipitate of iron (III)

A

rust-coloured

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16
Q

Colour of precipitate of ammonium

A

No precipitate, forms ammonia gas, then test gas to confirm (litmus paper turns blue)

17
Q

How to test for halide ions

A
  • First add dilute nitric acid, followed by silver nitrate solution
18
Q

Why is nitric acid added to test for halide ions

A

to remove carbonate impurities

19
Q

Colour of precipitate of chloride ion

A

white/colourless precipitate of AgCl

20
Q

Colour of precipitate of bromide ion

A

cream precipitate of AgBr

21
Q

Colour of precipitate of iodide ion

A

yellow precipitate of AgI

22
Q

How to test for anions (sulphates)

A

First add dilute hydrochloric acid, followed by barium chloride solution

23
Q

Colour of precipitate of BaSO4

A

white/colourless precipitate

24
Q

How to test for anions (carbonates)

A

First add dilute hydrochloric acid which will create carbon dioxide, this can be bubbled through limewater and if goes cloudy then carbonate present

25
Q

How to test for water (chemical test)

A

add white anhydrous copper (II) sulphate and if water is present then copper sulfate goes from white to blue

26
Q

How to test for water (physical test)

A

measure boiling point (100*)

27
Q

What is a cation

A

a positively charged ion

28
Q

What is an anion

A

a negatively charged ion

Chemistry IGCSE (11 decks)

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