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Year 8 Science 23/24 > Chemical Reactions > Flashcards

Chemical Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Environmental hazard

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2
Q

What precaution should you take if a chemical contains this symbol?

A

Environmental hazard - careful disposal is required. Do not place down the sink.

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3
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Toxic

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4
Q

If you spill some toxic or corrosive chemicals what should you do?

A

Clean up immediately and wash hands thoroughly.

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5
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Corrosive

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6
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Explosive

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7
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Irritant

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8
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Flammable

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9
Q

What precaution should you take with flammable chemicals

A

Keep away from heat, fire and sparks. No naked flames.

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10
Q

What is this symbol?

A

Oxidiser

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11
Q

What is this symbol?

A

Respiratory irritant

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12
Q

True or False - Acids are always corrosive?

A

False. Acids can be irritants or non-hazardous

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13
Q

True or False - Acids are more dangerous than alkalis?

A

False.

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14
Q

When handling irritants what precautions should you take?

A

Wear safety glasses. Wash spills immediately.

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15
Q

What colour do acids turn litmus?

A

Red

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16
Q

What colour do alkalis turn litmus?

A

Blue

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17
Q

What colour do neutral solutions turn litmus?

A

Purple

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18
Q

Is water acid, alkali or neutral?

A

neutral

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19
Q

Give 3 examples of acids found in everyday life.

A

Fizzy drinks, vinegar, juice, battery acid

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20
Q

Give 3 examples of alkalis found in everyday life.

A

Toothpaste, washing powder, hair dye, drain cleaner, bleach

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21
Q

What colour will universal indicator be in acids

A

Red (strong acids) orange or yellow (weaker acids)

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22
Q

What is the pH of a strong acid

A

0 or 1

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23
Q

What is the pH of a neutral solution

A

7

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24
Q

What is the pH of an acid?

A

<7

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25
Q

What is the pH of an alkali?

A

> 7

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26
Q

What is the pH of a strong alkali?

A

14

27
Q

What colour will universal indicator be in alkalis?

A

Blue or purple

28
Q

What colour will universal indicator be in neutral solutions?

A

Green

29
Q

What colour is red cabbage indicator in neutral solutions?

A

Purple

30
Q

What colour is red cabbage indicator in acids?

A

Red or pink

31
Q

What colour is red cabbage indicator in alkaline solutions?

A

Green

32
Q

Which element do all acids contain?

A

Hydrogen

33
Q

What contains hydroxide ions?

A

Alkaline solutions

34
Q

What reaction occurs if we add an acid to an alkali?

A

Neutralisation

35
Q

When naming salts, sulfuric acid will form a….?

A

________ sulfate
(the blank space would be the metal from the alkali e.g. copper sulfate)

36
Q

When naming salts, hydrochloric acid will form a….?

A

__________ chloride
(the blank space would be the metal from the alkali e.g. sodium chloride)

37
Q

When naming salts, phosphoric acid will form a….?

A

____________ phosphate
(the blank space would be the metal from the alkali e.g. calcium phosphate)

38
Q

When naming salts, nitric acid will form a….?

A

____________ nitrate
(the blank space would be the metal from the alkali e.g. copper nitrate)

39
Q

When naming salts, ethanoic acid will form a….?

A

___________ ethanoate
(the blank space would be the metal from the alkali e.g. sodium ethanoate)

40
Q

Sodium hydroxide makes what kind of salts?

A

Sodium
e.g. sodium chloride

41
Q

Potassium hydroxide makes potassium salts

A

Potassium
e.g. potassium chloride

42
Q

Acid + alkali -> ______ + ______

A

Salt + water

43
Q

What is a base?

A

Any substance that neutralises an acid forming salt + water

44
Q

Is an alkali a base?

A

Yes! It is a soluble base

45
Q

Why are insoluble bases usually preferred to alkalis where neutralisation is required? e.g. indigestion tablets, soil pH adjustment

A

If too much alkali is added it will dissolve and make an alkaline solution. If too much insoluble base is added, the substance remains neutral because it does not dissolve.

46
Q

Give some typical properties of metals

A

Strong, high melting point, good conductor of heat and electricity, shiny when polished.

47
Q

metal + acid ->

A

Salt + Hydrogen
(remember MASH!)

48
Q

How do we test for hydrogen?

A

Squeaky pop with a lit splint

49
Q

How do we test for carbon dioxide?

A

Turns limewater cloudy

50
Q

How do we test for oxygen?

A

Relights a glowing splint

51
Q

metal carbonate + acid ->

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

52
Q

What do you call a mixture if the solid settles out of the liquid if left to stand still?

A

Suspension

53
Q

What do you call a cloudy mixture where the solid does not settle out of the liquid if left to stand still?

A

Colloid

54
Q

What do you can a mixture where the solid is dissolved in a liquid

A

Solution

55
Q

What is a solution?

A

A mixture where a solid dissolves into a liquid

56
Q

Which “s” describes something that will dissolve in a liquid

A

Soluble

57
Q

Which word describes something that won’t dissolve in a liquid

A

Insoluble

58
Q

When a solution contains the maximum amount of liquid that will dissolve in it, this is known as

A

Saturated

59
Q

What is solubility?

A

The amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given amount of liquid

60
Q

What do you call the substance that will dissolve in a liquid to make a solution

A

Solute

61
Q

What do you call a liquid into which other substances will dissolve

A

Solvent

62
Q

When a substance is dissolved in a liquid what happens to the overall mass?

A

Stays the same. Nothing “disappears” - you have the same number of atoms before and after.

63
Q

What happens to solubility as temperature increases?

A

It increases

Year 8 Science 23/24 (14 decks)

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