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science > Chemical reactions > Flashcards

Chemical reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

a substance with a pH below 7

A

Acid

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2
Q

a substance with a pH above 7

A

Base

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3
Q

a soluble base (can be dissolved in water).

A

Alkali

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4
Q

a substance with a pH of 7.

A

Neutral

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5
Q

the reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water.

A

Neutralisation

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6
Q

the product of a neutralisation reaction.

A

Salt

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7
Q

a chemical used to identify the pH of a substance.

A

Indicator

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8
Q

a way of representing a chemical reaction that always has the same format-Reactants → products

A

Word equation

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9
Q

bubbles inside a liquid.

A

Effervescence

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10
Q

another way of saying burning

A

Combustion

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11
Q

In combustion, a substance will combine with what

A

oxygen

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12
Q

When an alkane undergoes combustion, what ‘products’ are produced

A

it creates carbon dioxide and water

Butane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

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13
Q

When an acid and a base combine what happens

A

we get a neutralisation reaction

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14
Q

neutralisation reaction

A

Acid + alkali → Salt + water

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15
Q

acid and metal carbonate equation

A

Acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide

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16
Q

Describe the limewater test

A

Bubbling gas through limewater. If the gas is carbon

dioxide then the limewater will go cloudy.

17
Q

Name the test for carbon dioxide

A

limewater test

18
Q

what process separates a solute from a solution

A

Distillation

19
Q

Describe the distillation process

A

It works by boiling off the solvent and then condensing it. The solute is left in the flask.

20
Q

What is Fractional distillation

A

Fractional distillation separates Liquids that have different boiling Points.

21
Q

Describe Fractional distillation process

A

The liquid with the lowest boiling point will boil first, be condensed and then collected

22
Q

In reactivity, what is Displacement

A

When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a compound.
E,g.
Copper sulfate + magnesium → magnesium sulfate + copper

23
Q

The name of a salt has two parts.

A

The first part comes from the metal, metal oxide or metal carbonate. The second part comes from the acid.

24
Q

what salt is made when Sodium hydroxide reacts with Hydrochloric acid

A

Sodium chloride

25
Q

what salt is made when Sodium hydroxide reacts with Sulfuric acid

A

Sodium sulfate

26
Q

Give 2 examples of low reactive metals

A

Silver Gold Mercury Copper

27
Q

Give 2 examples of high reactive metals

A

Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium

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