Chemical processes Flashcards
a substance that is able to dissolve other
substances
Solvent
a substance that is dissolved
Solute
a substance produced when mixing a
solute and solvent
Solution
a substance that can be dissolved
Soluble
a substance that does not dissolve
Insoluble
A solution where enough of a solute is
added that no more can dissolve.
Saturated solution
A charged particle
Ion
A rock that contains metal
Ore
the measure of how well a substance can dissolve
Solubility
The amount and speed of dissolving can be affected by different factors, name one
Heat
How is solubility affected when we heat up water
a solute will dissolve quicker, but also we are able to dissolve more
What values are calculated to see what substances we have in a mixture
Rf
How do you calculate an Rf value
Distance travelled by spot / Distance travelled by water
What process separates a solute from a solution.
Distillation
Describe the Distillation (separates a solute from a solution) process
Boiling off the solvent and then condensing it. The solute is left in the flask.
What process separates Liquids that have different boiling Points
Fractional distillation
Describe the Fractional distillation (separates Liquids that have different boiling Points) process
The liquid with the lowest boiling point will boil first, be condensed and then collected
What apparatus can be used for Fractional distillation
Bunsen burner Round bottom flask Fractionating Column Thermometer Condenser
Process to split up ionic compounds using electricity
Electrolysis
What state does a compound need to be in for Electrolysis
either molten (melted) or in an aqueous solution (dissolved in water).
Describe how Electrolysis process works
An Anode and Cathode are placed into a solution. The positive ions are attracted to the negative electrode (Anode) and vice versa.
Why can Copper can be extracted using carbon
Copper is below carbon in the reactivity series (most reactive element is placed at the top and the least reactive element at the bottom)
Describe how copper is extracted from ore
heat the compound containing copper(normally copper oxide) in powdered carbon.
Name some uses of copper
Electronics
Wiring
Plumbing
