body systems Flashcards
Central Nervous system
brain and spinal cord - where nervous information is
processed.
Endocrine system
: all the endocrine glands and the hormones they produce.
Circulatory system
organ system that consists of the heart, blood vessels
and blood.
what are the sense organ
Eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin. These FIVE sense organs contain
receptors.
Stimulus
a change in the environment
Receptors
: sensory cell that detects a stimulus
Neurones
specialised cell transmitting electrical nerve
impulses (a nerve cell)
Sensory neurones
transmits impulse from receptor to
CNS.
Relay neurone
: neurones that carry electrical impulses
from sensory neurones to motor neurones
Motor neurone
: transmits impulse from CNS to
effector.
Effector
muscles and glands which respond to
impulses from the nervous system.
Reflex arc
rapid automatic nervous response that does
not involve the brain
Hormone
chemical messengers that travel in the blood to the target organs. Coordinate many processes in the body.
Endocrine gland
gland which secretes hormones into the blood stream
Secrete
produces and releases a substance
Vein
: Blood vessel which
carries blood towards the
heart
Artery
Blood vessel which
carries blood away from
heart
Capillary
small blood vessel
that carry blood close to all
cells in the body.
Heart
Organ that pumps blood around the body. Contains 4 chambers and
made of cardiac muscle.
Double circulatory system
blood passes through the heart , twice during
each circuit.
Atria
Upper chambers that blood will enter in the heart. Small chambers.
There are TWO (left and right)
Ventricles
: Lower chambers of the heart. Blood is pumped into these from
the atria. There are TWO (left and right).
Valves
prevents back flow of blood
Oxygenated
Blood that contains oxygen
Deoxygenated
Blood that contains very little or no oxygen
