Chemical formula Flashcards
What is the chemical formula for an alkane?
Cn H2n+2
What is the chemical formula for an alkene?
Cn H2n
What is the chemical formula for an alcohol?
C2 H5OH
What is the chemical formula for a carboxcylic acid?
Cn H2n+1COOH
What is the chemical formula for an aldehyde/alkanal?
C2 H4O
What is the chemical formula for a ketone?
Cn H2nO
What is the the Ester link?
- C = O
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O-
What is a hydroxyl group?
-O-H
What is the chemical formula for glycerol?
Propane -1,2,3-triol
What is a carboxyl group?
-COOH
What is an amino group?
-NH2
What is a carbonyl group?
-C=O
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What is the chemical formula for Hydrochloric acid?
HCl
What is the chemical formula for sulphuric acid?
H2 SO4
What is the chemical formula of nitric acid?
HNO3
What is the equation for an acid?
Add hydrogen to balance the ion. NO3(-) + H Or CO3(2-) + 2H
What are the 3 main oxidising agents to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones?
- Acidified potassium dichromate - Cr2 O7(2-) (aq) ➡️ 2Cr(3+) (aq)
- Fehling’s solution - 2Cu(2+) (aq) ➡️ Cu2 O (s)
- Tollens’ reagent - Ag(+) (aq) ➡️ Ag(s)
What is the equation for acidified potassium dichromate?
Cr2 O7(2-) (aq) ➡️ 2Cr(3+) (aq)
Other electrons in data book
What is the equation for Fehling’s solution?
2Cu(2+) (aq) ➡️ Cu2 O (s)
Other electrons in data book
What is the equation for Tollens’ reagent?
Ag(+) (aq) ➡️ Ag(s)
Other electrons in data book
What is the colour change in Acidified potassium dichromate?
Orange to green
What is the colour change for Fehling’s solution?
Blue to red/brown
What is the colour change for Tollens’ reagent?
Colourless to silver
What is the equation of a isoprene?
2-methyl buta-1,3-diene
What are terpenes made of?
Many isoprene units
