Chemical Bonding Summary Flashcards
What elements are involved in metallic bonding?
Metals
What elements are involved in covalent network bonding?
Non-metal elements form groups 3 and 4 or some of their compounds.
What elements are involved in Ionic bonding?
Usually metal/non-metal compound (i.e. elements with large differences in electronegativity).
What elements are involved in covalent molecular bonding?
Non-metal element or compound of non-metals.
What are examples of metallic bonding?
Na, Fe, Cu, Mg.
What are examples of covalent network bonding?
Diamond, graphite, SiO2, SiC, B, Si.
What are examples of Ionic bonding?
NaCl, CaO, K2CO3
What are examples of covalent molecular bonding?
Co2(g), I2(g), C8H18(I)
What is the structure of metallic bonding?
Giant lattice of positive metal cations in a “sea” of delocalised electrons.
What is the structure of covalent network bonding?
Giant lattice structure of covalently bonded atoms.
What is the structure of Ionic bonding?
Giant lattice of negative and positive ions.
What is the structure of covalent molecular bonding?
Discrete molecules.
How does the bonding work in a metallic bonding?
Attraction of DELOCALISED ELECTRONS and POSITIVE IONS hold the structure together with STRONG METALLIC BONDS.
How does the bonding work in a covalent network bonding?
Atoms linked throughout the structure by STRONG COVALENT BONDS.
How does the bonding work in Ionic bonding?
Electrostatic attraction of OPPOSITELY CHARGED IONS causes STRONG IONIC BONDS.
How does the bonding work in a covalent molecular bonding?
Strong covalent bonds hold atoms together inside the molecules. Molecules held together in liquid or solid by WEAK INTERMOLECULAR FORCES (Van der Waals forces): London Dispersion forces, permanent dipole-permanent dipole interactions or hydrogen bonding).
What are the melting an boiling points of metallic bonding?
High
What are the melting an boiling points of covalent network bonding?
Very High
What are the melting an boiling points of Ionic bonding?
High
What are the melting an boiling points of covalent molecular bonding?
Low (type of intermolecular bonding affects actual value: hydrogen bonding increases boiling point compared to Van der Waals forces).
In what state are metallic bonds at room temperature?
Usually solid
In what state are covalent network bonds at room temperature?
Solid
In what state are ionic bonds at room temperature?
Solid
In what state are covalent molecular at room temperature?
Solid, liquid or gas.
How good is the electrical conductivity of metallic bonds and why is this?
Good conductors in solid or liquid state.
How good is the electrical conductivity of covalent network bonds and why is this?
Non-conductors (except graphite).
How good is the electrical conductivity of ionic bonds and why is this?
Non-conductors as solid, good conductors (electrolytes) When molten or in aqueous.
How good is the electrical conductivity of covalent molecular and why is this?
Non-conductors, except those which react (dissolve) in water to produce electrolytes in solution (e.g. HCL, CO2).
Is metallic bonding soluble and why is this?
Insoluble in polar and non-polar solvents.
is covalent network bonding soluble and why is this?
Insoluble in all solvents.
Is ionic bonding soluble and why is this?
Usually soluble in polar solvents (use DB to find out), insoluble in non-polar solvents.
Is covalent molecular bonding soluble and why is this?
Generally insoluble in polar solvents, usually soluble in non-polar solvents.
