chemical equilibrium Flashcards
chemical reaction
process by which one or more substances change their bonding pattern to form different compounds
dynamic equilibrium
the forward and reverse reactions are happening at the same rate. it has a fixed relationship between the amounts of reactants and products
equilibrium constant
Kc = [C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b
conc refers to values at equilibrium
what does Kc depend on
on the nature of the reactants and products and temperature
the equilibrium constant for gases
we use the partial pressure values at the equilibrium
ideal gas equation
PV= nRT
relationship between Kp and Kc
Kp = Kc (RT)^Δn
Δn in the Kp and Kc equation
Δn: variation in molecularity
Δn= c+d-(a+b)
K»1
equilibrium is to the right: more products
K«1
equilibrium is to the left: more reactants are present
reaction quotient
Q= [C]c[D]d/[A]a[B]b
concentrations are the values not equilibrium values
Q>Kc
the reaction will proceed to decrease the product and will run to the left
Q<Kc
the reactants will collide to form more products and will run to the right
le chatelier’s principle
a system at the equilibrium will counteract any disturbance to the equilibrium in a direction that minimizes the effect of the disturbance
