Atoms and Molecules

Question 1

mass of protons

Answer 1

1.673 x 10^-27kg

Question 2

mass of neutrons

Answer 2

1.675 x 10^-27kg

Question 3

mass of electrons

Answer 3

0.00091 x 10^-27 kg

Question 4

atomic number

Answer 4

number of protons present in the atom

Question 5

list the metalloids

Answer 5

astatine
germanium
boron
silicon

Question 6

group 1a

Answer 6

alkali

Question 7

group 2a

Answer 7

alkali earth metals

Question 8

group 7a

Answer 8

halogens

Question 9

group 8

Answer 9

noble gases

Question 10

cations

Answer 10

positively charged atoms

Question 11

anions

Answer 11

negatively charged atoms

Question 12

atomic mass

Answer 12

the abundance weighted average of the mass number of each naturally occurring isotope

Question 13

what do the solutions of Schrodinger’s equation define

Answer 13

volume in space where it is most likely to find one electron

Question 14

what are the 4 quantum numbers?

Answer 14

1. principal quantum number
2. angular momentum quantum number
3. magnetic quantum number
4. spin quantum number

Question 15

principal quantum number

Answer 15

determines the overall size and energy of the orbital: corresponds to the period number

Question 16

angular momentum quantum number

Answer 16

the shape of the orbital, energy

Question 17

magnetic quantum number

Answer 17

orientation of the orbital

Question 18

spin quantum number

Answer 18

indicates the direction of the electron spin (+/- 1/2)

Question 19

how do electrons arrange themselves?

Answer 19

electrons occupy free orbitals before filling one to minimize charge repulsions

Question 20

what happens to the atomic radius along a period?

Answer 20

decreases as a result of the increasing nuclear charge

Question 21

what happens to the atomic radius down a group?

Answer 21

increases because the electrons occupy larger regions in space

Question 22

avogadro’s number

Answer 22

6.02214 x 10^23

Question 23

mole

Answer 23

in 12g of 12C there are 6.02214 x 10^23 atoms of carbon

Question 24

equation of moles

Answer 24

moles = mass/molar mass

Question 25

number of atoms equation

Answer 25

number of atoms= number of moles x avogadro’s number