Chemical Equilibria Flashcards
What is a dynamic equilibrium?
Two opposing processes occurring at equal rates
No visible changes that there are microscopic processes
What would a graph look like for the concentration between reactants and products?
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What is Le Chartelier’s principle?
Whenever a system which is in dynamic equilibrium is disturbed, it tends to respond in a way as to oppose the disturbance and restore equilibrium
What are the three main factors that affect the position of equilibrium?
Temperature
Pressure
Concentration
How does an increase in pressure affect the equilibrium?
If the pressure is increased, The system will re-establish the equilibrium by decreasing the pressure, shifting equilibrium to the right/left, favouring production of fewer molecules
How does a decrease in pressure affect the position of equilibrium?
If the pressure is decreased, the system will re-establish the equilibrium by increasing the pressure, shifting the equilibrium to the right/left, favouring the production of more molecules
How does an increase in temperature affect the position of equilibrium?
If the temperature is increased, the system will re-establish the equilibrium by decreasing the temperature, shifting the equilibrium to the right/left, favouring the endothermic reaction
How does a decrease in temperature affect the position of equilibrium?
If the temperature is decreased, the system will re-establish the equilibrium by increasing the temperature, shifting the equilibrium to the right/left, favouring the exothermic reaction
How does a catalyst affect the position of equilibrium?
It doesn’t therefore it doesn’t affect the yield
It increases the rate of reaction so the equilibrium is reached faster
What is an equilibria?
When the reactants and products exist together, rather than going to completion
