Chemical Equilibria Flashcards
Define the term dynamic equilibrium
In a closed system
The rate of the forward and backward reaction are equal
Concentrations of reactants and products remain constant
State Le Chatelier’s Principle
Systems in equilibrium will always shift to oppose the change
What effect would increasing the temperature have on a forward exothermic reaction position of equilibrium?
System will oppose the change by decreasing the temperature
Equilibrium will shift to the left (endothermic reaction)
Yield will decrease
What effect would increasing the concentration have on a forward exothermic reaction position of equilibrium?
System will oppose the change by decreasing the concentration
Shifts to the right (exothermic)
Yield will increase
What effect would increasing the pressure have on a forward exothermic reaction position of equilibrium?
System will oppose the change by decreasing the pressure
Shifts left as it favours the reaction that makes less moles of gas
Yield will decrease
State and explain the effect on the yield of products if a catalyst is used
No effect
Increases the rate of forward and backward reactions equally
Where does the Nitrogen and Hydrogen come from in the Haber Process?
Nitrogen - air
Hydrogen - methane
What is the equilibrium constant equation (Kc)
Kc = [C]^c [D]^d / [A]^a [B]^b
Deduce units for the value of Kc
moldm^-3
All depends on how many components there are on the top and bottom of the equation
Haber Process Balanced Equation
3H2 + N2 <—> 2NH3
