Chemical ecology Flashcards

1
Q

Identification of volatile source

A
  • what is the source?
  • what behaviour does it cause?
  • prove that semiochemical are involved
  • How do you exploit this?
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2
Q

Olfactometers

A

Contain airflow
good for rapid screening of odours
groups of insects used
insects should never be used more than once
needs to be designed for each arthropod type

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3
Q

The Y tube

A

mosquito ha to decide to go left or right at the junction
doesn’t work well for anopheles or tsetse
wind tunnel better for anopheles

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4
Q

Wind tunnel

A

can video flight path of mosquito

important fro trap development

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5
Q

Still air olfactometer

A

for walking insects eg. bed bugs

infrared camera - measures how long the stay in each area

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6
Q

Servosphere

A

treadmill for walking insects

airflow over insects

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7
Q

Collection of volatiles

A

can use solvent extraction

or Air entrainment - put poop in a bag and collect into a charcoal filter

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8
Q

Host volatiles - microbacteria

A

bacteria convert sweat into carbolic acid and also produce Co2
Human odour is genetically dtermined by MHC genes

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9
Q

Does infection alter attractiveness to vectors

A

yes - disease can cause changes in individuals odour profile

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10
Q

Analysis of volatiles

A

can use Electroantennography
or single sensillum recordings
or gas chromatography

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11
Q

Electroantennography

A

attach microelectrodes to antennae
records response of all olfactory receptor neurones on antennae
tells you if insect can detect individual chemicals

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12
Q

single sensillum recordings

A

Microelectrodes inserted into sensillum and recording made from ORNs
one electrode in sensillum and reference electrode in lymph or eye of insect

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13
Q

gas chromatography

A

liquid sample injected into gas chamber and vapourised
chemicals separated in relation to weight
accurate quantification of chemicals
in human odour 400-500 volatile chemicals

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