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Chemistry > Chemical Bonding > Flashcards

Chemical Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

How is a sigma bond formed?

A

Direct overlap of atomic orbitals

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2
Q

How is a pi bond formed?

A

Lateral overlap of orbitals

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3
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

Bond formed by a shared pair of electrons

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4
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

Force of attraction between oppositely charged particles

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5
Q

What is a polar covalent bond?

A

Where electrons are not shared evenly between the atoms

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6
Q

What is a non-polar covalent bond?

A

Where electrons are shared evenly between the atoms

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7
Q

State the octet rule

A

Atoms react so that each energy level contains the maximum amount of electrons

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8
Q

Properties of ionic compounds?

A

1) High melting/boiling point
2) Usually solid at room temp
3) Conduct electricity when dissolved

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9
Q

Properties of covalent compounds?

A

1) Low melting/boiling point
2) Usually liquid/gas at room temp
3) Do not conduct electricity

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10
Q

What are the 4 main general formulas for shapes of molecules?

A

AB
AB2
AB3
AB4

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11
Q

What is a bond pair?

A

2e- in a bond

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12
Q

What is a lone pair?

A

2e- not in a bond

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13
Q

What has the weakest repulsion according to VSEPR theory?

A

Bond pair + bond pair

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14
Q

What has the highest repulsion according to VSEPR theory?

A

Lone pair + lone pair

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15
Q

What has a medium repulsion according to VESPR theory?

A

Lone pair + bond pair

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16
Q

Where do intramolecular forces occur?

A

Within the molecule

17
Q

Where do intermolecular forces occur?

A

Between molecules

18
Q

What is the weakest intermolecular force?

A

Van der Waal’s interactions

19
Q

What causes van der Waal’s interactions?

A

Appearance and disappearance of temporary dipoles

20
Q

What causes dipole-dipole interactions?

A

Attraction between permanent dipoles

21
Q

What is hydrogen bonding?

A

Dipole-dipole with hydrogen + N/O/F

22
Q

What electronegativity is ionic?

A

> /= 1.7

23
Q

What electronegativity is polar covalent?

A

<1.7

24
Q

What electronegativity is non-polar covalent?

A

0

Chemistry (14 decks)

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