Chemical Bonding Flashcards

1
Q

An atom is the……

A

smallest particle you can have in a compound

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2
Q

An element has……

A

pure substances that cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances

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3
Q

A compound……

A

contains more than 1 element combined

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4
Q

Name the three things an atom has

A
  • Protons
  • Neutrons
  • Electrons
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5
Q

What is the mass number and where is it placed by an atom on the periodic table?

A
  • total number of protons

- number at the top of atom

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6
Q

What is the atomic number and where is it placed by an atom on the P table?

A
  • number of protons and electrons

- number at the bottom of an atom

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7
Q

How are compounds formed?

A

when two or more atoms are chemically combined together

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8
Q

a non-metals bond =……….

A

covalent bonding

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9
Q

a non-metal and metal bond =………

A

ionic bonding

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10
Q

a metal bond =…………

A

metallic bonding

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11
Q

What does chemical bonding involve?

A

transferring or sharing electrons in the highest occupied energy levels

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12
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

can predict how atoms will bond and the formulae of the compound

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13
Q

Electron configuration is…..

A

when you give an atoms outer shell electrons to complete its shell, or take electrons away.

E.g. if an atom has 3 electrons on its outer shell, take them away so it now has positive charge
OR
if an atom has 6 electrons on the outer shell, give it 2 more so that it now has a negative charge

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14
Q

Taking or giving electrons to a metal or non-metal causes it to change to an…….

A

ion

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15
Q

When non-metals react with metals, the non-metals gain…..

A

electrons ➡️ stables structure chlorine

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16
Q

Properties of ionic compounds

A
  • high melting point
  • brittle
  • doesn’t conduct in solids but conducts in molten solution
17
Q

What is an ionic lattice?

A
  • where ions form a closely packed lattice

- strong forces between oppositely charged ions in ALL DIRECTIONS

18
Q

When an atom loses or gains electrons it becomes an…….

A

ion

because its number of positive protons is not the same as the number of electrons

19
Q

Ionic bonding only happens between……

A

metals & non -metals