Chemical Bonding Flashcards
An atom is the……
smallest particle you can have in a compound
An element has……
pure substances that cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances
A compound……
contains more than 1 element combined
Name the three things an atom has
- Protons
- Neutrons
- Electrons
What is the mass number and where is it placed by an atom on the periodic table?
- total number of protons
- number at the top of atom
What is the atomic number and where is it placed by an atom on the P table?
- number of protons and electrons
- number at the bottom of an atom
How are compounds formed?
when two or more atoms are chemically combined together
a non-metals bond =……….
covalent bonding
a non-metal and metal bond =………
ionic bonding
a metal bond =…………
metallic bonding
What does chemical bonding involve?
transferring or sharing electrons in the highest occupied energy levels
What are valence electrons?
can predict how atoms will bond and the formulae of the compound
Electron configuration is…..
when you give an atoms outer shell electrons to complete its shell, or take electrons away.
E.g. if an atom has 3 electrons on its outer shell, take them away so it now has positive charge
OR
if an atom has 6 electrons on the outer shell, give it 2 more so that it now has a negative charge
Taking or giving electrons to a metal or non-metal causes it to change to an…….
ion
When non-metals react with metals, the non-metals gain…..
electrons ➡️ stables structure chlorine
Properties of ionic compounds
- high melting point
- brittle
- doesn’t conduct in solids but conducts in molten solution
What is an ionic lattice?
- where ions form a closely packed lattice
- strong forces between oppositely charged ions in ALL DIRECTIONS
When an atom loses or gains electrons it becomes an…….
ion
because its number of positive protons is not the same as the number of electrons
Ionic bonding only happens between……
metals & non -metals
