Chemical bonding

Question 1

What is an element

Answer 1

Contains only 1 type of atom

Question 2

What is a compound

Answer 2

Contains 2 or more elements chemically combined

Question 3

What is the octet rule

Answer 3

When bonding occurs, atoms tend to reach an electron arrangement with 8 electrons in the outermost shell

Question 4

Ionic bonding

Answer 4

Transfer of electrons

Question 5

What is a positive ion

Answer 5

When a atom that loses electrons

Question 6

What is a negative ion

Answer 6

A atoms that gains electrons

Question 7

What reactions are ionic compounds formed by

Answer 7

A reaction between metal and non metal

Question 8

What happens when the metal and non metal react

Answer 8

They become unstable due to incomplete outer shells

Question 9

What is electrostatic attraction

Answer 9

The positive and negative ions are strongly attracted

Question 10

What’s another name for electrostatic attraction

Answer 10

Ionic bonding

Question 11

How does ionic bonding conduct electricity

Answer 11

When molten or in aqueous soln

Question 12

How does covalent conduct electricity

Answer 12

Does not conduct electricity

Question 13

What strength are sigma bonds

Answer 13

They are the strongest type of covalent bonding

Question 14

How are sigma bonds made

Answer 14

Overlapping between atomic orbitals

Question 15

What bonds are all sigma bonds

Answer 15

Single bonds

Question 16

How is a Pi bond formed

Answer 16

Formed by sideways overlap of p orbitals

Question 17

What is Molecular geometry

Answer 17

Valence shell electron pair repulsion [VSEPR] theory is model used in chemistry to predict the geometry of individual molecules form the number of electron pairs surrounding their central atoms

Question 18

How does the VSEPR model works

Answer 18

1.Some molecules have lone pairs
2.lone pairs are unbounded electrons in the outer shell
3.these unboned lone pairs repel each other and other unbounded pairs
4.they repel more then a bonded pair of electrons
5.this causes distortion to the predicted shape

Question 19

Linear shape bond angle

Answer 19

Bond angle 180

Question 20

Bent or v shape bond angle

Answer 20

Bond angle 104.5

Question 21

Trigonal planar bond angle

Answer 21

Bond angle 120

Question 22

Pyramidal bond angle

Answer 22

Bond angle 107.8

Question 23

Tetrahedral bond angle

Answer 23

Bond angle 109.5

Question 24

What did Linus Pauling invent?

Answer 24

Pauling scale to measure electron negativity

Question 25

What is electron negativity?

Answer 25

Relative attraction that an atom in a molecule has for a shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond

Question 26

What is a pure covalent?

Answer 26

2 atoms are identical

Question 27

What is polar covalent ?

Answer 27

Unequal sharing of electrons

Question 28

What does polar covalent do to each end of the particle?

Answer 28

Slightly positive and other end slightly negative

Question 29

What are symmetrical molecules typically?

Answer 29

Non polar

Question 30

What are asymmetrical molecules typically?

Answer 30

Polar

Question 31

What is intermolecular forces?

Answer 31

Bonding that takes place within a molecule; holds atoms together
Covalent bonding + polar covalent = intermolecular bonding

Question 32

Name the 3 intermolecular forces?

Answer 32

1.Van Der Waals
2.Dipole-dipole forces
3.Hydrogen bonding

Question 33

What is a permanent dipole-dipole force?

Answer 33

Weak attractive force between permanent dipoles in neighbouring polar molecules

Question 34

What strength are Van der Waals?

Answer 34

Weakest intermolecular force