Chemical Bonding Flashcards
what is the difference between intra-molecular bonding and inter-molecular bonding?
intra-moleculae: the way atoms bond
inter-molecular: the way molecule bonds
what is the octet rule?
all atoms, when forming compounds, lose, gain or share electrons- to achieve electron configuration of noble gas.
meaning, to have full valence shell and reach stability.
why boron (B) special?
needs only 6 electrons in its valence shell to reach stability.
ionic compounds
opposing charged ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces.
what is “ionic lattice”?
the structure formed in ionic componds.
every negativly charged atom surronded by positive charged atoms, and vice versa.
solid in room temp.
Metallic Bond
when 2 or more metal atoms in thier elemental state bonds with each other. they share and lose their valence electrons, those electrons become delocalized.
what are delocalized electrons?
Electrons that do not belong or attach to a specific atom, and their location is constantly changing.
what is “metallic lattice”?
cations are strongly attracted to the delocalized electrons between them.
what affects the strength of the metallic lattice?
- number of delocalized electrons (the more the merrier)
- cation charge (more positive, better attraction to the electrons)
-cation radius (the smaller, the better)
what are the properties of the metallic bond?
- high boiling & melting point
-conduct electricity & heat
Covalent Bond
form between two non-metals
based on sharing electrons from the valence shell.
the electrons that are now shared belong to both atoms (giver & receiver)
How can we know how many electrons are being shared?
octet rule- the atoms want to reach stability.
how many electrons can be shared?
there are 3 types of bonds:
- single bond (one pair of electrons)
- double bond (2 pairs)
- triple bond (3 pairs)
what is a “lone pair”?
electrons in the valence shell, who are coupled with others, and cannot be shared in a covalent bond.
what is the length of a covalent bond?
the distance between two bonded nuclei