Chemical bonding Flashcards
What did Rutherford do?
He used scattering experiments to find that protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus and electrons surround the nucleus
What did Bohr discover?
Electrons move around the nucleus in shells with fixed energy levels called quantum levels.
What is the mass number?
The number of protons and neutrons
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons/electrons
How many electrons are in shell 1, 2 and 3?
2, 8, 18
What is the OCTET rule?
Elements want to have 8 electrons in their outer shell so accept or donate electrons.
What are ionic bonds?
Bonds where elements accept or donate electrons, becoming ions. Metals usually donate and non-metals accept.
What are covalent bonds?
Bonds where electrons are shared. They are strong bonds usually between 2 non-metals.
How does cation exchange capacity affect soil fertility?
Clay soils and root hairs are negatively charged and so positively charged ions such as magnesium and sodium are attracted.
