Chemical Analysis Flashcards
Lithium flame test result
Red
Sodium flame test result
Yellow
Potassium flame test result
Lilac
Calcium flame test result
Orange-red
Copper flame test result
Blue-green
Describe test for hydrogen
makes a squeaky pop with a lit splint, noise comes from hydrogen burning with the oxygen in the air to form water
Describe test for oxygen
Relights a glowing splint
Describe test for carbon dioxide
Turns limewater cloudy, bubble gas through test tube of limewater
Describe test for ammonia
Turns damp red litmus paper blue, strong smell
Describe test for chlorine
Bleaches damp blue litmus paper turning it white, may turn red for a moment first due to the acidity
Describe how to carry out a flame test
Clean a platinum wire loop by dipping it in dilute HCl
Hold it in a flame until it burns without any colour
Dip it in sample
Put it back in clear blue part of bunsen flame
Describe the test to see whether a substance contains ammonium ions (NH4+)
Add sodium hydroxide to a solution of the substance in a test tube
Check using damp piece of red litmus paper, if it turns blue, ammonium ions are present in solution
Describe the test to see whether a substance contains copper
Add sodium hydroxide to a solution of the substance in a test tube
Solution will have a blue precipitate
Describe the test to see whether a substance contains iron (Fe 2+) (Frog eager 2 swim gracefully)
Add sodium hydroxide to a solution of the subctance in a test tube
Solution will have a sludgy green precipitate
Describe the test to see whether a substance contains iron (Fe 3+) (Frog eats 3 red bananas)
Add sodium hydroxide to a solution of the subctance in a test tube
Solution will have a reddish brown precipitate
