Chemical Agents for quiz 5

Question 1

phenolics

Answer 1

lab and hospital disinfectants-disrupts membrane and denatures proteins
-phenol, amphyl, lysol

Question 2

alcohols

Answer 2

wont kill endospores, denatures proteins

-isopropanol better than etOH (ethanol)

Question 3

halogens

Answer 3

disinfectants

-bleach, chlorine, iodine

Question 4

aldehydes

Answer 4

reactive molecules that act by combining w proteins and inactivating them

Question 5

sterilized gases

Answer 5

sterilize heat sensitive materials like plastic petri dishes

-ethylene oxide

Question 6

antibiotics

Answer 6

selectively kills microbes. best ones: minimal effect on eukaryotic cells.

Question 7

bactericidal antibiotics

Answer 7

kill target organism. ex penicillin, take until all cells leave stationary phase

Question 8

bacteriostatic antibiotics

Answer 8

prevent growth of organism, cant kill organism

Question 9

Kirby bauer disk susceptibility test

Answer 9

test strain sensitivity to multiple antibiotics

Question 10

peptidoglycan antibiotics

Answer 10

penicillin, ampicillin

Question 11

transpeptidation

Answer 11

adds new peptidoglycan strand

Question 12

autolysin

Answer 12

cuts peptide stem

Question 13

quinolones- ciprofloxacin

Answer 13

blocks bacterial dna gyrase, prevents dna replication

Question 14

macrolides, chloramphenicols, lincosamides

Answer 14

bind to large subunit, block transfer of peptides.

-erythromycin

Question 15

aminoglycosides

Answer 15

prevents 30s and 50s from binding to each other

-streptomycin

Question 16

tetracyclines

Answer 16

binds small subunit, blocks binding of aminoacyl-trna.

Question 17

antibiotic resistance

Answer 17

antibiotics overused (overprescribed)

Question 18

many bacteria secrete

Answer 18

b-lactamase (exo enyzyme)

Question 19

phage transfer

Answer 19

transduction

Question 20

uptake of naked dna

Answer 20

transformation