CHEM110 TERM TEST 1 - SECTION 2 CLARIFICATION

Question 1

Atomic radius

Answer 1

Size of atom

Question 2

Atomic radius trend

Answer 2

Decreases across period (more positive charge = electron pulled in), increase down group (more shells)

Question 3

Effective nuclear charge

Answer 3

(Z-S) Net positive charge experienced by an electron in an atom (how strong nucleus “pulls” on the valence electrons)

Question 4

Ionization energy

Answer 4

Amount of energy required to remove an electron

Question 5

Ionization energy trend

Answer 5

Increases across period (harder to remove electron bc of increasing positive charge pulling electrons) and decreases down group (easier to remove electron bc less attraction to nucleus)

Question 6

Electron affinity

Answer 6

Energy change resulting from adding an electron to a gaseous atom

Question 7

Electron affinity trend

Answer 7

Increasing across period (easier to add electron bc of increasing chance to stability) and decreases down group but IRREGULAR (harder to add electrons bc further from nucleus so less attraction)