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From Flashcardlet > chem md-term > Flashcards

chem md-term Flashcards

0
Q
  • fundamental or pure
  • driven by scientists curiosity or interest in a scientific question
  • main motivation to expands mans knowledge
  • not to creat or invent something, no commercial value
A

Basic research

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1
Q

Is the study of composition, structure, and properties of matter and changes it undergoes

A

Chemistry

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2
Q
  • Designed to solve practical problems

- improve the human condition

A

Applied research

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3
Q

Characteristic defunding an entire group of substances or a subgroup of substances used to identify substances

A

Property

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4
Q

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substances (color, shape, size)

A

Physical

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5
Q

Relates to a substances ability to under go a change that transform it into different substances

A

Chemical

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6
Q

A change in a substances that does not involve a change in the identity of the substances

A

Physical change

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7
Q

A change in which one or more substances are converted into one or more new substances with different properties

A

Chemical Change

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8
Q
  • malleable -bendable
  • ductile - draw sos thing into a wire
  • conducts heat
  • conducts electricity
  • exhibits luster - gold, silver, shine
A

Properties of metals

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9
Q
  • some exists as solids, liquids, gases
  • brittle as solids
  • poor ion conductors
A

Properties of non-metals

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10
Q

All solids
Less brittle and more malleable then none metals
Semiconductors of electricity

A

Properties of electricity

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11
Q

Mass/volume = g/ml

A

Density

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12
Q

In a chemical reaction matter cannot be created or destroyed it can only change form

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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13
Q
  1. All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms
  2. atoms of a given element are identified in size, shape, mass, and other properties
  3. Atoms can not be subdivided, created, or destroyed
  4. Atoms of differ t combine in simple whole number ratios to form chemical compounds
  5. In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, so parted or rearranged
A

Daltons Atomic Theory

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14
Q
  • used a magnetic field around the cathode tube
  • showed electrons affected by magnet
  • concluded all atoms contain electrons, electrons are negative, assumes positive matter must exist
A

J.J. Thomas

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15
Q
  • Oil drop experiment
  • determined the charge in the lab on the electrons
  • calculated the mass of the elections
A

Millikan

16
Q
  • gold foil experiment
  • showed nucleus is dense and positive, volume of nucleus very small compared to size of the atom, Electrons actually occult very little space but effectively occupy all the space outside the nucleus
A

Rutherford

17
Q

Positive charge

A

Proton

18
Q

Neutral charge

A

Neutron

19
Q

Auto soft the same element with a different atomic mass because of a different number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

20
Q

The number of particles found in a mole 6.02 x 1023 particle = 1 mole

A

Avogadro number

21
Q

Equals atomic mass from periodic table expressed in g/mol

A

Molar mass

22
Q
  • atoms absorb energy (fro the heat or electricity) and give off the energy as light
  • light can be passed through a spectrum and seen as specific lines of color
A

Bright line spectrum

23
Q

It is impossible to determine simultaneously the position and velocity of an election

A

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

24
Q

All special only 1

A

S orbital

25
Q

Peanut shaped 3

A

P orbital

26
Q

Only 5

A

D orbital

27
Q

Only 7

A

F orbital

28
Q

No 2 electrons can have the same 4 quantum numbers

A

Paulis exclusion principle

29
Q

A 2nd electron is not added to an orbital until the orbital in the sub level contains one electron

A

Hands Rul

30
Q

Organized elements in order of increasing atomic mass, found elements has similar properties at regular intervals, elements were than grouped together in families

A

Mendeleev

31
Q

All soft, silvery metals melting point < boiling pout of water one electrons in out shell very reactive

A

Group 1 Alkali Metals

32
Q

All silvery metals but harder and softer than group 1

A

Group 2 Alkali earth metals

33
Q 
Transition elements 
All metals 
Less reactive 
High luster
Good conductive
A

Group 3-12 d block

34
Q

Properties vary, some metals, some metallos,

A

Group 13-18 P block

35
Q

Halogens (F, Cl, Br, I, Ni)

All non-metals

A

Group 17

36
Q

Noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn)

A

Group 18

37
Q

Lanthanide serious La = 5d

A

F block elements

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