Chem KPT Flashcards
What is the Kinetic Particle Theory?
all matter consists of tiny discrete molecules in constant state of motion.
What is the arrangement of solid?
very closely packed in an orderly manner
Attractive forces of a solid
Vert strong
Movement of a solid
Vibrate around in their fixed postition
Cannot move freely
Kinetic energy
Very low
Arrangement of a liquid
Closely packed in an orderly manner
Attractive forces of a liquid
Strong
Movement of particles in a liquid
Move about randomly at slow speed within the liquid only, slipping and sliding over one another
Kinetic energy of a liquid
low
Arrangement of a gas
far apart and randomly arranged
Attractive forces of gas
Weak
Movement of a gas
Move about rapidly and randomly at high speed in all directions
Kinetic energy of gas
high
What happens to particles when there’s a increase in temperature
- Kinetic energy
When temp increase. ave k.e of the particles increase
Movement of particles
Particles then absorb the heat energy and move at a faster speed.
- Arrangement of particles
Remains unchanged
- strength of attraction
remains unchanged
What happens to particles when there is a decrease in temperature
- Kinetic energy of particles
When temp decrease, ave. k.e of paticles decrease
- Movement of particles
Particles release heat energy and move at a slower speed
- Arrange of particles
Unchanged
- Strength of attraction btw particles
unchanged
During melting (s to l) boiling (s to g) and sublimation (s to g)
- Kinetic energy of particles
Temperature remains constant at the melting/ boiling point until state change is complete avem KE no change
- Strength of attraction btw particpes
Heat energy is absorbed to overcome intermolecular forces of attraction btw particles
- Movement of particles
Particles change TYPE OF MOVEMENT but remain at the SAME SPEED AS KINETIC ENERGY IS CONSTANT
- Arrangement of particles
Particles move further apart and become more irregularly arranged
During freezing, condensation and deposition ( g to s)
- Kinetic energy of particles
Temperature remains constant at the freezing/ condensation point until state change is complete, ave KE is the same
- Strength of attraction btw particles
energy is released to the surroundings during condensation/freezing, as forces of attraction btw particles get stronger (ENERGY RELEASED COMPENSATES ENERGY REMOVED W COOLING PROCESS)
- Movement of particles
Particle change their type of movment but same speed as ave k.e is the same
- arrangement of particles
particles move closer tgt and become more regularly arranged.
formula for rate of diffusion of gas
k
____
square molecular mass of gasmolecular mass the bigger no. × no. of molecules
Temp effect on diffusion
Higher temp = ____
molecules move around faster as they hv greater k.e and particles diffuse faster as compared to ___
NOTE IF ABOVE RTP OR LOWER
Porous pot eg structure/ anyth comparing mass
Relative mass of A is 28 ans that of B is 16, thus B moves faster, B diffused faster than A can diffuse out. gas pressure in the pot increases and pushes water lvl down
If tube:
same except lower RMM diffuses slower and take more time to reach the pt
If same RMM?
RMM of __ is ___, same as ___, thus gases w same molecular mass diffuse at the same rate.
Condensation and Freezing Graphs
always straight up and CONSTANT AT MELTING PT/FREEZING PT for pure substances
Order of stuff
- Kinetic energy (ave)
- Strength of Attraction
- Movement of particles ( speed and type)
- Arrangement of particles
